PRIN.OF CORPORATE FINANCE
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781260013900
Author: BREALEY
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 6PS
MM’s propositions What is wrong with the following arguments?
- a. As the firm borrows more and debt becomes risky, both stock- and bondholders demand higher
rates of return . Thus, by reducing the debt ratio, we can reduce both the cost of debt and thecost of equity , making everybody better off. - b. Moderate borrowing doesn’t significantly affect the probability of financial distress or bankruptcy. Consequently, moderate borrowing won’t increase the expected rate of return demanded by stockholders.
- c. A capital investment opportunity offering a 10%
internal rate of return is an attractive project if it can be 100% debt-financed at an 8% interest rate. - d. The more debt the firm issues, the higher the interest rate it must pay. That is one important reason that firms should operate at conservative debt levels.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which statement is most correct? *
A. Since debt financing raises the firm’s financial risk, increasing debt ratio will increase WACC.
B. Since debt financing is cheaper than equity financing, increasing debt ratio will reduce WACC.
C. Increasing a firm’s debt ratio will typically reduce the marginal costs of both debt and equity financing; however, it still may raise the firm’s WACC.
D. Statements a and c are correct.
E. None of the above
(b) Assume that Modigliani-Miller Propositions 1 and 2 hold. Ex-
plain carefully why the conclusion of each of the following argu-
ments is incorrect:
(i) As a firm borrows more and debt becomes risky, both share-
holder and bondholders demand higher rates of return. Thus,
by reducing its debt ratio, a firm can reduce both the cost
of debt and the cost of equity.
(ii) As leverage increases, the ratio of the market value of a firm's
equity to income (after debt interest) increases.
Is the following sentence true or false? Please explain.
The cost of new equity (re) could possibly be lower than the cost of reinvested earnings (rs) if the market risk premium, risk-free rate, and the company's beta all decline by a sufficiently large amount.
Chapter 17 Solutions
PRIN.OF CORPORATE FINANCE
Ch. 17 - Homemade leverage Ms. Kraft owns 50,000 shares of...Ch. 17 - Homemade leverage Companies A and B differ only in...Ch. 17 - Corporate leverage Suppose that Macbeth Spot...Ch. 17 - Corporate leverage Reliable Gearing currently is...Ch. 17 - MMs propositions True or false? a. MMs...Ch. 17 - MMs propositions What is wrong with the following...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7PSCh. 17 - MM proposition 1 Executive Cheese has issued debt...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9PSCh. 17 - Prob. 10PS
Ch. 17 - MM proposition 2 Spam Corp. is financed entirely...Ch. 17 - MM proposition 2. Increasing financial leverage...Ch. 17 - Prob. 13PSCh. 17 - MM proposition 2 Look back to Section 17-1....Ch. 17 - MM proposition 2 Hubbards Pet Foods is financed...Ch. 17 - MM proposition 2 Imagine a firm that is expected...Ch. 17 - MM proposition 2 Archimedes Levers is financed by...Ch. 17 - MM proposition 2 Look back to Problem 17. Suppose...Ch. 17 - Prob. 19PSCh. 17 - After-tax WACC Gaucho Services starts life with...Ch. 17 - After-tax WACC Omega Corporation has 10 million...Ch. 17 - After-tax WACC Gamma Airlines has an asset beta of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 23PSCh. 17 - Investor choice People often convey the idea...Ch. 17 - Investor choice Suppose that new security designs...
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- 8. Which of the following does the trade-off theory predict? A. Bankruptcy costs mean having no debt is always optimal. B. Reducing leverage always reduces firm value. C. In the long run the firm's capital structure converges to the optimal one. D. None of the above.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a valid reason for a firm not to use as much debt as it can raise? Group of answer choices The use of more debt is expected to result in an increase in the firmʹs cost of capital when everything is considered More debt will increase the firmʹs riskiness All of them are valid reasons for a firm to use less debt than might be available The use of more debt is expected to result in a lower price/earnings ratioarrow_forward5.(True or False) Risk shifting refers to a situation in which management of a firm with risky debt cannot fund a positive NPV project with equity because equityholders understand that some of the returns of the positive NPV project go to debtholdersarrow_forward
- Choose option a,b,c,d,e for the following: Question 6 - A higher financial risk: a. Arises when the debt – equity ratio is reduced. b. Can avert financial distress. c. Will cause the shareholders to expect lesser return. d. Indicates an inefficient use of fixed cost assets. e. Indicates an inefficient use of fixed cost funds.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true regarding a company assuming more debt? Select one: a. Assuming more debt is always bad for the company b. Assuming more debt reduces leverage c. Assuming more debt can be good for the company as long as they earn a return in excess of the rate charged on the borrowed funds d. Assuming more debt is always good for the companyarrow_forwardRegarding the EPS fallacy, which of the following statements is correct: a. When a company issues debt and uses all the proceeds to buy back equity and as a result EPS rises, the fact that some analysts associate the rise of EPS to an improvement in the company's performance is called the EPS fallacy. b. All given statements are correct. c. One of the reasons behind the EPS fallacy is not to take into account that when EPS rises mechanically due to a leveraged recapitalisation, the cost of equity also rises in the same proportion and the share price does not change (assume no taxes and perfect capital markets world). d. Suppose companies A and B have identical cash flows but different capital structures. Suppose further that EPS(A) > EPS(B). We cannot conclude that A has a better performance than B.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is CORRECT? * In most cases, increasing a company's debt ratio raises the marginal cost of both debt and equity funding. However, this action could also reduce the company's WACC. Since debt funding is less costly than equity financing, rising a company's debt ratio would often lower its WACC. Since the use of financial leverage has no impact on a firm's beta coefficient, leverage has no effect on the cost of equity. Since debt funding increases a company's financial risk, raising its debt ratio will often increase its WACC. In most situations, rising a company's leverage ratio reduces the marginal cost of both debt and equity funding. However, this behavior could increase the company's WACC.arrow_forwardIn the conflicts between equity holders and bond holders, 1).Why would equity investors want to forego good project with positive NPV (“debt overhang”) and rather take risky projects with negative NPV? (“risk shifting”) 2).What is an example of “asset stripping” from equity holders in case of high financial distress?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is correct? A. Investors appreciate illiquid assets in their portfolios as they can easily sell them off to cover margin calls. B. Liquid assets can quickly be converted into cash without changing prices too much. O C. Corporate bonds are among the most liquid financial assets as they trade at a very high frequency. D. Liquid assets tend to be cheaper as investors are not willing to pay for their liquidity benefits.arrow_forward
- When the yield curve is upward sloping. banks are rewarded for investing more in short-term securities banks are rewarded for investing more in longer-term securities there is no benefit in investing in short-term versus long term (the yield is the same)arrow_forwardSuppose that as the economy moves through a business cycle, risk premiums also change. For example, in a recession, when people are concerned about their jobs, risk tolerance might be lower and risk premiums might be higher. In a booming economy, tolerance for risk might be higher and premiums lower.a. Would a predictably shifting risk premium such as described here be a violation of the efficient market hypothesis?b. How might a cycle of increasing and decreasing risk premiums create an appearance that stock prices “overreact,” first falling excessively and then seeming to recover?arrow_forwardDo you think investors can earn abnormal returns in financial markets that are at least semi strong-form efficient?arrow_forward
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