Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188138
Author: Peter H Raven, George B Johnson Professor, Kenneth A. Mason Dr. Ph.D., Jonathan Losos Dr., Susan Singer
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 17, Problem 3U
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
PCR stands for Polymerase chain reaction. It is a technique that is used to amplify a single fragment of DNA to generate large copies of that particular fragment of DNA. This technique was developed by Kary Mullis in 1983.
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If a PCR is started using 10 pieces of template DNA, how many pieces of DNA would there be after 10 cycles?
a. About 100
b. About 1000
c. About 10,000
d. About 1010
PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is an excellent method of generating copies of target DNA. If a single piece of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) is put into a PCR machine, how many dsDNA segments will there be after 3 rounds?
A.
8 segments, with 2 original strands paired
B.
16 segments, with 2 original strands on different segments
C.
16 segments, with 2 original strands paired
D.
8 segments, with 2 original strands on different segments
Regarding the PCR technique, what is false?a. It can produce multiple copies of DNA.b. It is the same as DNA fingerprinting.c. It is not a time-consuming process.d. It cannot successfully copy whole genes
Chapter 17 Solutions
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- What is the purpose of the low temperature step in the PCR reaction? a. To allow DNA polymerase to synthesize new DNA in the 3' to 5' direction b. To permanently deactivate DNA polymerase c. To allow primers to anneal to DNA templates d. To allow DNA polymerase to synthesize new DNA in the 5' to 3' directionarrow_forwardWould it be possible to use human polymerase for the PCR reaction? a. No, because human polymerase does not have the ability to withstand the high temperatures required for the PCR reaction to occur. b. No, because human polymerase cannot be extracted from cells to use in a lab setting. c. Yes, because we are using human DNA as the template DNA. d. Yes, because human polymerase can add bases to a template strand without a primer.arrow_forwardPCR is a technique used to synthesize DNA fragments. Select all the reagents needed for PCR to occur. A. DNA template B. Thermo stable DNA polymerase C. Two primers D. Type I endonucleasesarrow_forward
- When using a micro centrifuge, what should you check before starting the machine? A. That the samples are balanced B. That the PCR tube caps on the samples are slightly open C. That the machines is set to 64 degrees Celsius D. That is programed for 35 cycles.arrow_forwardA double stranded DNA molecule is shown below. The same DNA is shown below with the two strands separated. A series of potential PCR primers (labeled 1, 2, 3 and 4) that are complementary to the template DNA are shown. Which set(s) of PCR primers would allow a researcher to amplify the sequences beginning around position 10 and ending around 40? A. Primer 2 and Primer 3 B. Primer 2 and Primer 4 C. Primer 1 and Primer 4 D. Primer 1 and Primer 3arrow_forwardA scientist randomly mutates the DNA of a bacterium. She then sequences the bacterium’s daughter cells, and finds that the daughters have many errors in their replicated DNA. The parent bacterium likely acquired a mutation in which enzyme? a. DNA ligase b. DNA pol II c. Primase d. DNA pol Iarrow_forward
- If you knew the sequence of a gene in one organism, how could you determine if another organism had a similar gene? A. insert the known gene into a vector and use the vector to insert the known gene into the other organism B. treat the genomes of both organisms with the same restriction enzyme and compare the patterns of the bands produced with gel electrophoresis C. create a hybrid of the two organisms by breeding them and check for mutations D. create labeled DNA probes from the known gene and use them to search the genome of the other organismarrow_forwardWhat is a cloning vector? A. The DNA probe used to locate a particular gene in the genome. B. An agent such as plasmid, used to transfer DNA from an in vitro solution into a living cell. C. The laboratory apparatus used to clone genes. D. An enzyme that cuts DNA into restriction fragments.arrow_forwardAfter 4 cycles of PCR, how many copies of DNA would be expected, if the original number of copies was 10 ? O A. 400 O B. 800 O C. 40 O D. 11 O E. 160arrow_forward
- 50 find the connection among the words below and choose the letter of the word which is different 1. a. gel docb. ethidium bromidec. uv lightd. transilluminator 2. a. PCR productb. dnac. wellsd. tracking dyearrow_forwardYou are studying bacterial cells and you find bacteria with a mutation that causes it to produce non-functional ligase. If you allowed that cell to replicate once and then you isolated the DNA from the two newly formed cells what would you expect to find? A. One longer single strand of DNA and many short single strands of DNA B. Two longer single strands of DNA and many short single strands of DNA C. Four longer single strands of DNA and many short single strands of DNA D. Eight longer single strands of DNA and many short single strands of DNA Choose the correct answer above and explain why you chose that answer. Your explanation should discuss the replication of DNA in bacteria and the role of ligase in DNA replication.arrow_forwardExplain how electrophoresis separates DNA strands. a. How is a DNA fingerprinting test interpreted? b. Define plasmid and how plasmids can change a bacteria’s activity. c. How do we digest/cleave plasmids? Explain the role of a restriction enzyme. d. Define sticky end and blunt end and which one is useful in molecular biology.arrow_forward
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