Chapter 17, Problem 17.134CP

Nickel tetracarbonyl, a volatile liquid used to purify nickel, forms when carbon monoxide contacts nickel. For Ni(CO)₄(l), $△H{°}_{\text{F}}=-633.0\text{kJ}/\text{mol}$ and $\text{S}°=313.4\text{J}/\left(\text{k·mol}\right)$ .

$\text{Ni}\left(s\right)+4\text{CO}\left(g\right)\to \text{Ni}{\left(\text{CO}\right)}_4\left(l\right)$

(a) Calculate ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG° for the reaction under standard-state conditions at 25 °C.

(b) Estimate the temperature at which the reaction becomes nonspontaneous.

(c) Calculate ΔG°_ffor Ni(CO)₄(l).