CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780136538820
Author: Taylor
Publisher: INTER PEAR
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Chapter 17, Problem 15TYK
SCIENTIFIC THINKING As you learned in Module 17.18, symbiotic relationships with mycorrhizal
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The Greek root endo means "within" or "internal." Why are endomycorrhizal fungi, or AM Fungi, aptly named?
Select one:
O a. their hyphae form tree-like branching structures inside plant root cells
O b. they are mutualistic
c. their hyphae form dense mats that surround roots but do not penetrate the cell walls
O d. they form clamp connection that link cells together
Both Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes form ectomycorrhizal associations with plants. Another
group of fungi, the Glomeromycota, form endomycorrhizal partnerships. Which answer below best
describes the two pictures seen here? (Hint: mycorrhizae stain reddish-purple!)
Picture A
400x (c.s.)
Picture B
400x (c.s.)
O Picture A is an endo- while Picture B is an ecto-mycorrhizal view
O Picture A is an ecto- while Picture B is an endo-mycorrhizal view
Evolution of Photosynthetic Organisms
Algae are autotrophs and can have photosynthesis, however, evolutionary evidence suggests that plants
shared a common ancestor with only green algae and are closest relatives of Charophytes. What evidences
support this statement? How an algal cell is different from fungal cells, even if both are eukaryotes? Why
slime mold is a protist not a fungus even if it does not have chloroplast?
Renly
Chapter 17 Solutions
CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
Ch. 17 - In this abbreviated diagram, identify the four...Ch. 17 - Identify the cloud seen in each photograph....Ch. 17 - Angiosperms are different from all other plants...Ch. 17 - Which of the following structures produce eggs and...Ch. 17 - The eggs of seed plants are fertilized within...Ch. 17 - The diploid sporophyte stage is dominant in the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 17 - Prob. 10TYK
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Explain at least three important roles for fungi growing in a temperate deciduous forest. What would happen if all the fungi in these forests went extinct? Explain, in detail, why ferns are better adapted for life on land than mosses. Explain how the structure of hyphae (and a mycelium) relates to the function of these cells.arrow_forwardAlgae are autotrophs and can have photosynthesis, however, evolutionary evidence suggests that plants shared a common ancestor with only green algae and are closest relatives of Charophytes. What evidences support this statement? How an algal cell is different from fungal cells, even if both are eukaryotes? Why slime mold is a protist not a fungus even if it does not have chloroplast?arrow_forwardGreen algae are believed to be the ancestors of the bryophyte. Cite four distinct lines of evidence to support this belief.arrow_forward
- There are some plants such as Indian pipe and orchids that do not have chlorophyll, yet they are connected to the mycorrhizal web. What would you suspect their relationship to be?arrow_forwardDescribe the importance of mycorrhizae, both today andin the colonization of land. What evidence supports theantiquity of mycorrhizal associations?arrow_forwardEcologists often attempt to introduce new plants to restore degraded land. In an arid climate, scientists recommend introducing plants with arbuscular mycorrhizae. How would the mycorrhizae increase the plants’ survival compared to plants without mycorrhizae?arrow_forward
- Read these two statements about plant-fungal interactions, then pick the statement below that is TRUE. (A) Root fungi in phylum Ascomycota can cause plants to produce antioxidants that provide protection against the stress of drought, and plants feed carbon to the fungi in their roots. (B) Root fungi and plants have evolved mutual benefits through a long history of interaction, in which fungi that provided the greatest benefits to plants had the highest fitness because of the carbon the plants fed them, and plants that supported fungi had the highest fitness because of the protection provided by the fungi. (A) is a proximate cause for plant-fungal symbiosis, whereas (B) is an ultimate cause. O (A) is an ultimate cause for plant-fungal symbiosis, whereas (B) is a proximate cause. Understanding plant-fungal interactions would NOT require cost-benefit analysis because there are no fitness trade-offs. (A) is an innate behavior and (B) is a learned behavior. O O O Oarrow_forwardLichens are said to be composite organisms made up of two very different types of organisms: usually a fungus and an alga (or in a few lichens, a fungus and a Cyanobacterium). (Alga is the singular of algae.) How do these two types of organisms work together to become a functional composite organism? That is, what does each organism provides to the relationship to make it successful? Think about a lichen living on the face of a rock.arrow_forwardMany fungi are decomposers and degrade organic matter (such as wood and leaf litter). It has become clear that many of these decomposers are also able to colonize live plants as endophytes (living inside the plant without causing any harm) and allowing for prime access to plant tissues once the plant dies. Explain, using the principles of natural selection, how having the ability to be both a decomposer and endophyte evolved. Make sure you include the four steps of evolution by natural selection in your response.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is true of mychrrhizae? 1. The fungal hyphae of ectomycorrhizae form arbuscles. 2. Ectomycorrhizae penetrate the cytoplasm of root cells. 3. Endomycorrhizal fungal hyphae form a dense mantle ensheathing roots. 4. Ectomycorrhizae are found in many crop plants such as wheat and maize. 5. Ectomycorrhizal fungal hyphae form a dense mantle ensheathing roots.arrow_forwardBiologists have discovered that many mycorrhizal fungi are sensitive to a low pH. What human-caused environmental problem may prove catastrophic for these fungi? How may this problem affect their plant partners? What measures could we take to decrease the problem?arrow_forwardYou discover an unknown mycorrhizae species associated with a legume plant and wanted to find out if it formed an endo- or ecto-mycorrhizal partnership. Which discovery below would be the best for helping you distinguish between the two? O hyphae penetrate only in between cells O mutualistic symbiosis O Legumes grown in sterile soil are stunted in growth O isotope tracers found plant carbon compounds in fungal body MacBook Pro 乀* Search or type URL & %23 $ 4 7 8 T Y この Earrow_forward
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