Physical Universe
16th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862619
Author: KRAUSKOPF, Konrad B. (konrad Bates), Beiser, Arthur
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 5E
Why is it believed that the region where the Rocky Mountains now stand was once near or below sea level?
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Physical Universe
Ch. 16 - A crack in the earths crust along which movement...Ch. 16 - A long, narrow bay with an irregular outline, such...Ch. 16 - The rugged character of mountain landscapes is...Ch. 16 - The ancient supercontinents Laurasia and Gondwana...Ch. 16 - A mountain range that was not once part of the...Ch. 16 - North America, Greenland, and most of Eurasia once...Ch. 16 - The shell of rigid rock that makes up the earths...Ch. 16 - Compared with the earths crust under the oceans,...Ch. 16 - Compared with the continents, the ocean floors are...Ch. 16 - The ocean floor near a midocean ridge a. has the...
Ch. 16 - According to the hypothesis of seafloor spreading,...Ch. 16 - The number of large plates into which the...Ch. 16 - In the course of 100 years, a lithospheric plate...Ch. 16 - A region where an edge of a lithospheric plate...Ch. 16 - Most volcanoes are found a. where continental...Ch. 16 - The Indian subcontinent a. was always part of Asia...Ch. 16 - Iceland was once a. a coral reef b. magma that...Ch. 16 - The San Andreas Fault in California is the result...Ch. 16 - If the processes of plate tectonics were to stop...Ch. 16 - The theory of evolution is supported by which one...Ch. 16 - An uneven surface on which a horizontal upper bed...Ch. 16 - Prob. 22MCCh. 16 - Prob. 23MCCh. 16 - Fossils are least likely to be found in a....Ch. 16 - Conditions for the preservation of fossils are...Ch. 16 - The division of geologic time into eras and...Ch. 16 - The earth was formed a. in 4004 B.C. b. about 2...Ch. 16 - Prob. 28MCCh. 16 - Precambrian rocks are a. never found b. extremely...Ch. 16 - Living things have been present on the earth a....Ch. 16 - The oxygen in the atmosphere a. was present since...Ch. 16 - Ancient geologic processes as revealed in...Ch. 16 - Coal is composed of a. petrified wood b. buried...Ch. 16 - A bed of coal usually implies that the region was...Ch. 16 - Prob. 35MCCh. 16 - Amphibians, fishes, and marine invertebrates were...Ch. 16 - The dinosaurs were which one or more of the...Ch. 16 - Dinosaurs were abundant in the a. Cenozoic b....Ch. 16 - Prob. 39MCCh. 16 - The leading explanation for the disappearance of...Ch. 16 - The ancestors of the birds were a. reptiles b....Ch. 16 - During the Cenozoic Era a. Laurasia and Gondwana...Ch. 16 - Pangaea broke up into Laurasia and Gondwana, which...Ch. 16 - The line of descent of humans broke away from that...Ch. 16 - The Cenozoic Era represents a period a. of almost...Ch. 16 - During the most recent ice age a. there was a...Ch. 16 - What landscape features are associated with...Ch. 16 - List all the evidence you can for each of the...Ch. 16 - What geologic process is chiefly responsible for...Ch. 16 - Deposits of igneous rocks are found intruded in...Ch. 16 - Why is it believed that the region where the Rocky...Ch. 16 - What kind of biological evidence supports the...Ch. 16 - The eastern coast of South America is a good fit...Ch. 16 - (a) Where was the Tethys Sea located? (b) Are...Ch. 16 - Which of todays continents were once part of...Ch. 16 - Which is denser, the granitic rock of the...Ch. 16 - (a) What is the difference between the earths...Ch. 16 - North America, Greenland, and Eurasia fit quite...Ch. 16 - How do the ages of the ocean floors compare with...Ch. 16 - When continental drift was proposed almost a...Ch. 16 - The energy source of erosional processes is the...Ch. 16 - Where do subduction zones occur? What happens at...Ch. 16 - The Himalayas are the highest mountain range on...Ch. 16 - How does the origin of the Himalayas differ from...Ch. 16 - Which are younger, the Rocky Mountains or the...Ch. 16 - Is the Atlantic Ocean becoming narrower or wider?...Ch. 16 - The San Andreas Fault in California is a...Ch. 16 - In what geological zones are most volcanoes found?Ch. 16 - Which plate collisions are responsible for...Ch. 16 - The distance between the continental shelves of...Ch. 16 - The oldest sediments found on the floor of the...Ch. 16 - In Fig. 16-47, beds A to F consist of sedimentary...Ch. 16 - (a) What is an unconformity? (b) If one is shown...Ch. 16 - What is a fault? If one is shown in Fig. 16-47,...Ch. 16 - What is the basis of the radiocarbon dating...Ch. 16 - The half-life of rubidium-87 is 47 billion years,...Ch. 16 - The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion...Ch. 16 - Why are fossils still useful in dating rock...Ch. 16 - List as many different kinds of fossils as you...Ch. 16 - Why are most fossils found in beds that were once...Ch. 16 - What is the basis for the division of geologic...Ch. 16 - What is the basis for the division of geologic...Ch. 16 - What is the oldest division of geologic time? In...Ch. 16 - During what divisions of geologic time have living...Ch. 16 - The earths history is sometimes divided into two...Ch. 16 - The early atmosphere of the earth probably...Ch. 16 - Precambrian rocks include sedimentary, igneous,...Ch. 16 - Precambrian rocks are exposed over a large part of...Ch. 16 - What conspicuous difference is there between...Ch. 16 - What are the chief kinds of organisms that have...Ch. 16 - Paleozoic sedimentary rocks derived from marine...Ch. 16 - Which of the following are found in Paleozoic rock...Ch. 16 - Why is it believed that large parts of the United...Ch. 16 - Under what circumstances is coal formed?Ch. 16 - What is believed to be the origin of petroleum? Of...Ch. 16 - What are some of the chief differences between...Ch. 16 - What kind of animals were the dinosaurs? Were they...Ch. 16 - What is believed to be the reason or reasons for...Ch. 16 - From what type of animal did birds evolve? Are...Ch. 16 - About 200 million years ago todays continents were...Ch. 16 - The same reptiles were present on all continents...Ch. 16 - In rocks of what era or eras would you expect to...Ch. 16 - What were the ice ages? When did they occur?Ch. 16 - The Scandinavian landmass of Norway and Sweden has...Ch. 16 - Minnesota has a great many shallow lakes. How do...
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- What is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?arrow_forwardIf you wanted to live where the chances of a destructive earthquake were small, would you pick a location near a fault zone, near a mid ocean ridge, near a subduction zone, or on a volcanic island such as Hawaii? What are the relative risks of earthquakes at each of these locations?arrow_forwardHow is the root cause of earthquakes in Hawaii different from earthquakes in Southern California?arrow_forward
- All of the following examples of ridge characteristics EXCEPT....arrow_forwardThe Lithosphere is made of the two types of crust, denser oceanic crust and thicker conteniental crust, plus the upper rigid part of the mantle. The Lithosphere float on the semi-liquid Asthenosphere. The Asthenosphere moves through a process known as convection. The convection form currents moving hotter less dense mantle toward the surface where it cools becomes denser and sinks. Another name for the asthenosphere is the ?arrow_forwardDo you agree with the statement: The Earth is expanding, and the seafloor is created but never destroyed.? Explain.arrow_forward
- The rate at which the temperature increases with depth is called the geothermal gradient. What is the geothermal gradient in a tectonically stable region where the temperature is 119° C at a depth of 5.0 km? (Assume a surface rock temperature of 14° C.)arrow_forwardExplain how continental crust and oceanic crust are like icebergs in water.arrow_forwardLava flows today are examples of basin flooding. True or false? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- With the information from Exercise 8.25, you can calculate the average age of the ocean floor. First, find the total area of the ocean floor (equal to about 60% of the surface area of Earth). Then compare this with the area created (or destroyed) each year. The average lifetime is the ratio of these numbers: the total area of ocean crust compared to the amount created (or destroyed) each year.arrow_forwardOn what crustal plate is Los Angeles located, and in which direction is the plate moving?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a primary cause of volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain building? (21.3) (a) solar radiation (b) remanent magnetism (c) hot spots (d) plate tectonicsarrow_forward
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