Concept explainers
For each of the following substituted benzenes: [1]
a. Does the substituent donate or withdraw electron density by an inductive effect?
b. Does the substituent donate or withdraw electron density by a resonance effect?
c. On balance, does the substituent make a benzene ring more or less electron rich than benzene itself?
d. Does the substituent activate or deactivate the benzene ring in electrophilic
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Organic Chemistry (6th Edition)
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