Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 4RQ
Control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells occurs at which level(s)?
- only the transcriptional level
- epigenetic and transcriptional levels
- epigenetic, transcriptional, and translational levels
- epigenetic, transcriptional, post transcriptional, translational and post translational levels
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Which of the following is NOT a reason cells regulate gene expression at a level other than the transcriptional level?
Some proteins are only required in part of the cell and transcriptional control will only regulate the mRNA/protein throughout the cell.
The core promoter for many genes is the same, so these genes will always be transcribed in the same cells. Differential gene expression in different cell types requires
regulation of gene expression at levels other than transcription.
Transcription and translation are realtively slow processes, so cells need to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally if they require a fast change in expression
of a gene.
Not all cells are transcriptionally active (meaning they do not transcribe any genes), so these cells need to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally.
At which of these levels isregulation of gene expression most energy-efficient?
Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes can occur:
Group of answer choices
at the post-transcriptional level, by changes in mRNA stability.
all of these
at the post-translational level, by modifications to activate proteins.
at the transcriptional level, mediated by specific proteins called transcription factors.
at the chromatin level, by changes in the state of condensation of chromatin.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 16 - Figure 16.5 In E. coli, the tip operon is on by...Ch. 16 - Figure 16.7 In females, one of the two X...Ch. 16 - Figure 16.13 An increase in phosphorylation levels...Ch. 16 - Control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells...Ch. 16 - Post-translational control refers to: regulation...Ch. 16 - How does the regulation of gene expression support...Ch. 16 - If glucose is absent, but so is lactose, the lac...Ch. 16 - Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus. Therefore, the...Ch. 16 - The a/a operon is an inducible operon that...Ch. 16 - What are epigenetic modifications? the addition of...
Ch. 16 - Which of the following are true of epigenetic...Ch. 16 - The binding of _____ is required for transcription...Ch. 16 - What will result from the binding of a...Ch. 16 - A scientist compares the promoter regions of two...Ch. 16 - Which of the following are involved in post...Ch. 16 - Binding of an RNA binding protein will the...Ch. 16 - An unprocessed pre-mRNA has the following...Ch. 16 - IS. Alternative splicing has been estimated to...Ch. 16 - Post-translational modifications of proteins can...Ch. 16 - A scientist mutates elF-2 to eliminate its GTP...Ch. 16 - Cancer causing genes are called transformation...Ch. 16 - Targeted therapies are used in patients with a set...Ch. 16 - Name two differences between prokaryotic and...Ch. 16 - Describe how controlling gene expression will...Ch. 16 - Describe how transcription in prokaryotic cells...Ch. 16 - What is the difference between a repressible and...Ch. 16 - In cancer cells, alteration to epigenetic...Ch. 16 - A scientific study demonstrated that rat mothering...Ch. 16 - Some autoimmune diseases show a positive...Ch. 16 - A mutation within the promoter region can alter...Ch. 16 - What could happen if a cell had too much of an...Ch. 16 - A scientist identifies a potential transcription...Ch. 16 - Describe how RBPs can prevent miRNAs from...Ch. 16 - How can external stimuli alter...Ch. 16 - Protein modification can alter gene expression in...Ch. 16 - Alternative forms of a protein can be beneficial...Ch. 16 - Changes in epigenetic modifications alter the...Ch. 16 - A scientist discovers a virus encoding a Protein X...Ch. 16 - New drugs are being developed that decrease DNA...Ch. 16 - How can understanding the gene expression pattern...
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- The most common type of regulation of gene expression occurs at the level of transcription. Name other types of gene regulation for gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Name types of gene regulation unique to eukaryotic cells versus prokaryotic cells.arrow_forwardAnswer question 17arrow_forwardWhich of the following most accurately describes the process involved in protein synthesis? Transcription factors activate promoter region -> transcription by mRNA -> translation by ribosomes Translation by ribosomes -> transcription factors activate promoter region -> transcription by mRNA Transcription by mRNA -> transcription factors activate promoter region -> translation by ribosomes Translation by ribosomes -> transcription by mRNA -> transcription factors activate promoter regionarrow_forward
- Genetic expression in general can be regulated at various stages. Identify specific processes that control gene expression at the: a. transcription level - b. post-transcription level - c. translation level -arrow_forwardDefine both transcription and translation. In addition, describe the role(s) of each of the following in the processes of gene expression and protein synthesis: DNA, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, ribosome(s), RNA polymerase, codon, anticodon, amino acid(s) and polypeptide(s). Be detailed in your answer.arrow_forwardWhat level of control of gene expression is defined as regulating whether a particular mRNA is actually used in proteins synthesis and if so for how long a period of time transcriptional leve control translational leve control processing level control replication level control denaturation level controlarrow_forward
- Post-translational control refers to: a. regulation of gene expression after transcription b. regulation of gene expression after translation c. control of epigenetic activation d. period between transcription and translationarrow_forwardDiscuss the advantages and disadvantages of genetic regulation at the different points identified.arrow_forwardEukaryotic regulation of gene expression occurs at the level of _____ transcription splicing and processing mRNA degradation translation all of the abovearrow_forward
- Which of the following scenario will result in greater consequences in terms of gene expression? insertion or deletion of one nucleotide insertion or deletion of three nucleotides Explain why.arrow_forwardAt which stage of the Central Dogma does MOST of the regulation of gene expression occur? O Post-transcriptional processing of the pre-MRNA O Post-translational processing of the polypeptide chain Transcription of pre-mRN O Translation of proteinarrow_forwardPositive and negative regulator proteins that bind to enhancer regions of the DNA and stimulate or inhibit transcription in eukaryotes are known as: translation inhibitors. translation regulators. special transcription factors. basal transcription factors.arrow_forward
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