Biology: Life on Earth
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321729712
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: Benjamin Cummings
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Chapter 15, Problem 4RQ
If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene and found large differences from those predicted by the
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If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene and found large differences from those predicted by the Hardy–Weinberg principle, would that prove that natural selection is occurring in the population you are studying? Review the conditions that lead to an equilibrium population, and explain your answer.
In a given population on a distant planet, there are 20 red, 25 orange, and 15 yellow creatures. Use Hardy-Weinberg equations and a chi square analysis to determine whether or not this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Show all work. Be sure to state a null hypothesis and explain your conclusion.
suppose that two different alleles exist in a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equlibrium. if p= frequecy of the "A" allele and q=frequency of the "a" allele, what is the expected frequency of "AA" individuals in the population?
Possible answers: p,p+q, q, p^2, q^2, pq, 2pq, p^2+2pq
Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth
Ch. 15 - The ________ provides a simple mathematical model...Ch. 15 - 2. Different versions of the same gene are called...Ch. 15 - An organism's ________ refers to the specific...Ch. 15 - 4. A random form of evolution is called _________....Ch. 15 - Competition is most intense between members of...Ch. 15 - 6. The evolutionary fitness of an organism is...Ch. 15 - 1. What is a gene pool? How would you determine...Ch. 15 - 2. Define equilibrium population. Outline the...Ch. 15 - How does population size affect the likelihood of...Ch. 15 - If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene...
Ch. 15 - 5. People like to say that “you can’t prove a...Ch. 15 - 6. Describe the three ways in which natural...Ch. 15 - What is sexual selection? How is sexual selection...Ch. 15 - In North America, the average height of adult...Ch. 15 - Malaria is rare in North America. In populations...Ch. 15 - By the 1940s, the whooping crane population had...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4ACCh. 15 - A preview question for Chapter 16: A species is...
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- Explain the five conditions that need to be met for a population to be at genetic equilibrium according to Hardy and Weinberg (The Hardy-Weinberg principle). Additionally, explain what conditions would have to have been met if the population evolved. Be detailed in your answer(s).arrow_forwardThe Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next, as long as specific conditions are met. Choose Yes or No for the conditions that must be met from the providied statement below. 1. Mutations are exponentially occuring 2. All member of the population breed 3. Everyone produces the same number of offspring 4. The population is infinitely large 5. There is no migration in or out of the population 6. No net mutations are occuring 7. Natural selection of beneficial traits is occuring 8. Natural selection is not occuring 9. All mating is completely random 10. Offspring are able to migrate out of the populationarrow_forwardIn a dense forest, a population of squirrels has been observed for their fur color. The fur color is determined by a single gene with two alleles: B (black) and b (brown). In a sample of 100 squirrels, you observed 30 black (BB), 50 black-brown (Bb), and 20 brown (bb) individuals. Determine if this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and show your work.arrow_forward
- Which of the following populations is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a. A population with 23 homozygous recessive individuals (yy), 7 homozygous dominant individuals (YY), and 4 heterozygous individuals (Yy) b. A population that receives new individuals from a normally distant population. c. q + p = 1 d. A population in which the allele frequencies do not change over timearrow_forwardA population of 100 moths has a gene that codes for wing color. Gray wings (G) are dominant to white wings (g). In this population, 20 percent of individuals are homozygous dominant for the trait, 20 percent are heterozygous, and 60 percent are homozygous recessive. Calculate allele frequencies for this population. State whether the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and justify your answer.arrow_forwardif a population of jumping spiders consists of 40 females and 40 males, what is the effective population size? Give the appropriate equation and show your work. Will genetic drift be an important evolutionary force in this population? Why or why not? If your answer is "yes", what does genetic drift do to allele frequencies? If your answer is "no", name two forces other than genetic drift that might be important in determining allele frequencies. asaparrow_forward
- Consider a gene with two alleles, C and M. The table below describes fitness for different genotypes in two populations. Fitness CC CM MM Population 1 1.0 1.0 0.6 Population 2 0.9 0.9 1.0 Assume that both populations begin with frequencies of 0.5 for each allele, population size is infinite, and there is no migration between populations. Which of the following statements is true based on the information you have on these populations?arrow_forwardHow Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? Explain the connection between changes in population allele frequencies and evolution, and relate this to the observations made by Wallace and Darwin concerning natural selection.arrow_forwardHow Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? Drawing on your newly acquired understanding of the HardyWeinberg equilibrium law, point out why the following statement is erroneous: Because most of the people in Sweden have blond hair and blue eyes, the genes for blond hair and blue eyes must be dominant in that population.arrow_forward
- What is the intuitive meaning of the mean fitness of a population? How does its value change in response to natural selection?arrow_forwardList and explain the three conditions that must be met in order for a population to evolve by natural selection.arrow_forwardIf gene A/a is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to natural selection such that individuals with the genotype AA have a fitness value of 1.0, heterozygotes have only slightly reduced fitness at 0.9, and individuals with the genotype aa have a fitness value of 0.6, what kind of change in allele frequency would you expect to see over time assuming you start with equal frequencies of the 2 alleles?arrow_forward
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