NESTER'S MICROBIOLOGY
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781264826940
Author: Anderson
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 15, Problem 1CT
Summary Introduction
To review:
The immune response on an encounter with a pathogen.
Introduction:
When a cell encounters a foreign particle, the immune response is generated. The immune response is of two types: a primary response thatis generated on the first encounter with the pathogen and secondary response that comes into work during the subsequent infection by the same pathogen. Secondary response is generated from the memory cells that remember the first encounter with a pathogen.
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The development of primary and secondary immune responses to an antigen differ significantly. The primary response may take a week or more to develop fully and establish memory. The secondary response is rapid and relies on the activation of clones of memory cells. Would it not be better if clones of reactive cells were maintained regardless of prior exposure? In this way, the body could always respond rapidly to any antigen exposure. Would there be any disadvantages to this approach? Why?
Which of the following is NOT an example of non-
specific (innate) resistance mechanisms interacting
directly with specific acquired immunity
mechanisms?
Complement being activated by antigen-
antibody binding
Macrophages and dendritic cells presenting
antigens to lymphocytes
Antibodies binding to bacterial surface
antigens, coating (opsonizing) the bacteria
and enhancing their phagocytosis by
leukocytes
None of the other four answers (All are
examples of interaction between innate and
acquired resistance)
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated
cytotoxicity
Immunity can be of many types: natural activeimmunity, natural passive immunity, artificial activeimmunity and artificial passive immunity. Which of theseforms of immunity confer immune memory?
Chapter 15 Solutions
NESTER'S MICROBIOLOGY
Ch. 15 - Prob. 1SACh. 15 -
2. Diagram an IgG molecule and label (a) the Fc...Ch. 15 -
3. Describe the protective outcomes of...Ch. 15 - Which antibody class is the first produced during...Ch. 15 - Prob. 5SACh. 15 - Prob. 6SACh. 15 -
7. How do T-independent antigens differ from...Ch. 15 -
8. What are antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?
Ch. 15 - Prob. 9SACh. 15 -
10. How does the role of natural killer cells...
Ch. 15 - The variable regions of antibodies are located in...Ch. 15 - Which of the following statements about antibodies...Ch. 15 - Which class of antibody can cross the placenta? a)...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4MCCh. 15 - Which of the following statements about B...Ch. 15 - Prob. 6MCCh. 15 - Prob. 7MCCh. 15 - Prob. 8MCCh. 15 - Prob. 9MCCh. 15 - Prob. 10MCCh. 15 - Prob. 1ACh. 15 -
2. What kinds of diseases would be expected to...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1CTCh. 15 - Prob. 2CT
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- What is the difference between innate immunity and adaptive immunity?arrow_forwardThe Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection Identify the components of cellular immunity, and define their roles in the immune response.arrow_forwardMatch the immunity concepts: __________ inflammation __________ antibody secretion __________ phagocyte __________ immunological memory __________ vaccination __________ allergy a. neutrophil b. plasma cell c. nonspecific response d. purposely causing memory cell production e. basis of secondary immune response f. nonprotective immune responsearrow_forward
- Acquired or adaptive immunity can be divided in to Natural Active, Natural Passive, Artificial Active, and Artificial Passive Immunity. Which types will lead to long lasting immune protection? Which will provide short term protection?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT an example of non-specific (innate) resistance mechanisms interacting directly with specific acquired immunity mechanisms? what option below is the answer? Antibodies binding to bacterial surface antigens, coating (opsonizing) the bacteria and enhancing their phagocytosis by leukocytes Macrophages and dendritic cells presenting antigens to lymphocytes None of the other four answers (All are examples of interaction between innate and acquired resistance) Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity Complement being activated by antigen-antibody bindingarrow_forwardContrast cell – mediated immunity with antibody – mediated immunity. Make sure to note: which cells are involved, how they are involved, and the end result of each type of immunity. Why is adaptive immunity called an “antigen-specific response”?arrow_forward
- A hypothetical disorder prevents memory cells from forming. What effect would this have on the immune system? B lymphocytes would be affected, but not T lymphocytes, Vaccinations would no longer be useful, The inflammatory response would no longer be effective, or The adaptive immune response would cease to function, but the innate immune response would continue to function normally.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true of acquired immunity? It does not involve experience and its forms include phagocytosis and inflammation. Acquired immune responses take longer to initiate than natural immune responses. An effective immune response occurs even before prior exposure to a particular antigen. It consists of a number of inborn processes that help remove foreign substances from the body.arrow_forwardWhat are the principle components and functions of innate and adaptive (Humoral and cell-mediated) immunity? describe in 100 wordsarrow_forward
- What is meant by “adaptive immunity”? A vaccination is an example of adaptive immunity? Explain how this works. Please describe this in much detail pleasearrow_forwardList and describe the components of the non-specific immune division response. List and describe the components of the specific immunity division response. When the specific immune responses are active the non-specific responses cease. True or False?arrow_forwardThe figure below shows the primary and secondary immune responses to an antigen. Which of the following is NOT shown or implied by this figure? Antibody titer in serum (arbitrary units) - 1st Ag Exposure IgM IgG 14 Time (days) - 2nd Ag Exposure 21 58 65 None of the other four answers (All are shown or implied by the figure) IgG is the predominant class of antibody produced after second exposure to the Ag The second exposure to an Ag results in higher IgG levels than the first exposure IgM is the first class of antibody produced after first exposure to the Ag Memory B cells produced upon the first exposure to an Ag can react quickly to subsequent exposures to the same Ag 72arrow_forward
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