Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)
Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780393614046
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Natalie Foster, Stacey Lowery Bretz, Geoffrey Davies
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 15, Problem 15.36QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The values of pH and pOH of the given solutions are to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The potential of H+ ions is called as pH and the potential of OH ions is called as pOH . The value of pH is less than 7 for acidic solutions and greater than 7 for basic solutions. For neutral solution the value of pH is 7 .

To determine: The values of pH and pOH of the given solution.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 15.36QP

Solution

The pH of the solution is 12.653_ .

The pOH of the solution is 1.347_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

Given

The concentration of NaOH is 0.0450M .

The dissociation of NaOH is shown by the reaction,

NaOHNa++OH

Sodium hydroxide contains one OH ion per formula. On ionization, one NaOH gives one OH ion. Hence, the concentration of OH ion is same as the concentration of NaOH . Thus, the concentration of OH ion is 0.0450M .

The value of pOH is calculated by using the expression,

pOH=log[OH]

Substitute the value of [OH] in the above expression to calculate the value of pOH .

pOH=log(0.0450)=1.347_

Hence, the pOH of the solution is 1.347_ .

The value of pH is calculated by using the expression,

pH=14pOH

Substitute the value of pOH to calculate pH of the solution in the above expression.

pH=141.347=12.653_

Hence, the pH of the solution is 12.653_ .

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The values of pH and pOH of the given solution.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 15.36QP

Solution

The pH of the solution is 12.954_ .

The pOH of the solution is 1.046_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

Given

The concentration of Ca(OH)2 is 0.160M .

The dissociation of Ca(OH)2 is shown by the reaction,

Ca(OH)2Ca++2OH

Calcium hydroxide contains two OH ion per formula. On ionization, one Ca(OH)2 gives two OH ions. Hence, the concentration of OH ion is double the concentration of Ca(OH)2 . Thus, the concentration of OH ion is 2×0.0450M=0.09M .

The value of pOH is calculated by using the expression,

pOH=log[OH]

Substitute the value of [OH] in the above expression to calculate the value of pOH .

pOH=log(0.09)=1.046_

Hence, the pOH of the solution is 1.046_ .

The value of pH is calculated by using the expression,

pH=14pOH

Substitute the value of pOH to calculate pH of the solution in the above expression.

pH=141.046=12.954_

Hence, the pH of the solution is 12.954_ .

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The values of pH and pOH of the given solution.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 15.36QP

Solution

The pH of the solution is 12.398_ .

The pOH of the solution is 1.602_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

Given

The ratio of the mixture is 1:1 .

The concentration of HCl is 0.0125M .

The concentration of Ca(OH)2 is 0.0125M .

Hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride and water according to the reaction,

2HCl+Ca(OH)2CaCl2+2H2O

Hydrochloric acid is a monoprotic acid as it contains one H+ ion per formula. On ionization, one HCl gives one H+ ion. But here the mixture contains 1:1 proportion of HCl to Ca(OH)2 . So, 2 HCl gives 2 H+ ions on ionization. Hence, the concentration of H+ ions is double the concentration of HCl . Thus, the concentration of H+ is 2×0.0125M=0.025M .

Calcium hydroxide contains two OH ions per formula that is one Ca(OH)2 gives 2 OH ions on ionization. Hence, the concentration of OH ions is double the concentration of Ca(OH)2 . The concentration of OH ion is 2×0.0125M=0.025M .

The pH of the solution is due to H+ ions from HCl and pOH of the solution is due to OH ions from Ca(OH)2 .

The pOH of Ca(OH)2 is calculated by using the expression,

pOH=log[OH]

Substitute the value of [OH] in the above expression to calculate the value of pOH .

pOH=log(0.025)=1.602_

Hence, the pOH of the solution is 1.602_ .

The pH of HCl is calculated by using the expression,

pH=14pOH

Substitute the value of pOH to calculate pH of the solution in the above expression.

pH=141.602=12.398_

Hence, the pH of the solution is 12.398_ .

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The values of pH and pOH of the given solution.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 15.36QP

Solution

The pH of the solution is 12.574_ .

The pOH of the solution is 1.426_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

Given

The ratio of the mixture is 2:3 .

The concentration of HNO3 is 0.0125M .

The concentration of KOH is 0.0125M .

Nitric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide to form potassium nitrate and water according to the reaction,

HNO3+KOHKNO3+H2O

Nitric acid is a monoprotic acid as it contains one H+ ion per formula. On ionization, one HNO3 gives one H+ ion. But here the mixture contains 2:3 proportion of HNO3 to KOH . So, 2 HNO3 gives 2 H+ ions on ionization. Hence, the concentration of H+ ions is double the concentration of HNO3 . Thus, the concentration of H+ is 2×0.0125M=0.025M .

Potassium hydroxide contains one OH ion per formula that is one KOH gives 1 OH ion on ionization. The mixture contains 2:3 proportion of HNO3 to KOH . Hence, the concentration of OH ions is thrice the concentration of KOH . The concentration of OH ion is 3×0.0125M=0.0375M .

The pH of the solution is due to H+ ions from HNO3 and pOH of the solution is due to OH ions from KOH .

The pOH of KOH is calculated by using the expression,

pOH=log[OH]

Substitute the value of [OH] in the above expression to calculate the value of pOH .

pOH=log(0.0375)=1.426_

Hence, the pOH of the solution is 1.426_ .

The pH of HNO3 is calculated by using the expression,

pH=14pOH

Substitute the value of pOH to calculate pH of the solution in the above expression.

pH=141.426=12.574_

Hence, the pH of the solution is 12.574_ .

Conclusion

  1. a. The pH of the solution is 12.653_ and the pOH of the solution is 1.347_ .
  2. b. The pH of the solution is 12.954_ and the pOH of the solution is 1.046_ .
  3. c. The pH of the solution is 12.398_ and the pOH of the solution is 1.602_ .
  4. d. The pH of the solution is 12.574_ and the pOH of the solution is 1.426_ .

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Chapter 15 Solutions

Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)

Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 11PECh. 15.5 - Prob. 12PECh. 15.6 - Prob. 13PECh. 15.6 - Prob. 14PECh. 15.7 - Prob. 15PECh. 15.8 - Prob. 16PECh. 15.8 - Prob. 17PECh. 15.8 - Prob. 18PECh. 15 - Prob. 15.1VPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.2VPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.3VPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.4VPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.5VPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.6VPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.7VPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.8VPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.9VPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.10VPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.11QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.12QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.13QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.14QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.15QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.16QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.17QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.18QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.19QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.20QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.21QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.22QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.23QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.24QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.25QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.26QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.27QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.28QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.29QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.30QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.31QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.32QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.33QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.34QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.35QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.36QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.37QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.38QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.39QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.40QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.41QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.42QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.43QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.44QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.45QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.46QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.47QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.48QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.49QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.50QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.51QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.52QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.53QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.54QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.55QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.56QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.57QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.58QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.59QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.60QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.61QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.62QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.63QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.64QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.65QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.66QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.67QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.68QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.69QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.70QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.71QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.72QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.73QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.74QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.75QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.76QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.77QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.78QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.79QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.80QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.81QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.82QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.83QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.84QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.85QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.86QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.87APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.88APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.89APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.90APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.91APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.92APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.93APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.94APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.95APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.96APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.97APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.98APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.99APCh. 15 - Prob. 15.100AP
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