Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134765037
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 14PS
Interpreting Data Because bacteria divide by binary fission, their
Initial number of cells × 2(Number of generations) = Population size
For example, if a dish of potato salad is contaminated with 10 bacteria, the bacterial population after 1 hour (two generations) is 10 × 22 = 40. Fill in the table below to show how the bacterial population increases when a dish of potato salad is left on the kitchen counter after dinner.
| Time (Hours) | Number of Generations | Number of Bacteria |
| 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 1 | 2 | 40 |
| 2 | 4 | |
| 4 | 8 | |
| 6 | 12 | |
| 8 | 16 | |
| 10 | 20 | |
| 12 | 24 |
Why does the rate of increase change over time? Describe how a graph of the data would look.
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What is the generation time (in minutes) of a bacterial population that increases from 10,000 cells to 10,000,000 cells in fours hours of growth? Show computation.
Disinfectants, be they heat or radiation or chemicals, usually kill a constant proportion of the cells present per unit time if the cells are all equally susceptible. Hence, the term ‘log kill.’ The probability of death is constant over time given a ‘single hit.’ The more cells present at the start, the greater the number killed per unit time and the longer it will take to kill them ‘all.’ One decimal reduction is one log place (exponent).
Log Nt = Log N0 – t/D. D is the time required for a log kill.
A suspension of 105 CFU/mL of Salmonella is treated with bleach, and 90% of the cells are dead after 10 minutes. How many viable cells per mL would you expect after 30 minutes? Yes, the 30 minutes here implies 3 logs of killing. This is an excellent problem to use with the Death Equation because you can reason it through first, and then solve it using the equation.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Ch. 15 - Place these events in the history of life on Earth...Ch. 15 - DNA replication relies on the enzyme DNA...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3SQCh. 15 - Some species of cyanobacteria form symbiotic...Ch. 15 - The bacteria that cause tetanus can be killed only...Ch. 15 - How is the process used in sewage treatment...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7SQCh. 15 - Prob. 8SQCh. 15 - Prob. 9SQCh. 15 - Prob. 10IMT
Ch. 15 - For each statement below, identify which major...Ch. 15 - Prob. 12IMTCh. 15 - Imagine you are on a team designing a moon base...Ch. 15 - Interpreting Data Because bacteria divide by...Ch. 15 - State or local public health department regularly...Ch. 15 - Probiotics, foods and supplements that contain...
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- quick answers to mc pleasearrow_forwardDraw a graph that shows the potential population growth of a bacterial population that starts with 500 cells. Assume binary fission, a generation time of 30 minutes and reproduction for four (4) generations.arrow_forwardQuestion 88 History. Koch's postulates O helped prove the Theory of Endosymbiosis O prove prokaryotes evolved from eukaryotes O proves the Theory of Spontaneous Generation O proves a specific microbe causes a specific infectious diseasearrow_forward
- For the bacterial growth curve below in which phase does the number of cell divisions equal the number of cell deaths? Log of number of bacteria 0 Lag Phase Intense activity preparing for population growth, but no increase in population. lag 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. log Log Phase Logarithmic, or exponential, increase in population. stationary Stationary Phase Period of equilibrium; microbial deaths balance production of new cells. The logarithmic growth in the log phase is due to reproduction by binary fission (bacteria) or mitosis (yeast). 5 Time (hr) Death Phase Population is decreasing at a logarithmic rate. death Staphylococcus sp. 10 None of the other four answers are correct Log Phase Stationary Phase Death Phase Lag Phasearrow_forwardComplete the table. Calculate the size of a theoretical population of E. Coli, if given unlimited resources and if no bacteria die.arrow_forwardUnder ideal conditions, prokaryotes are capable of reproducing at a(n) ______ rate. arithmetric infinite hypergeometric exponentialarrow_forward
- Calculate the generation time in a growth experiment in which a medium was inoculated with 5 X 106 cells/mL of E. coli cells and following a 1 hour lag, grew exponentially for 5 hours, after which the population was 5.4 X 109cells/mLarrow_forwardIf it takes 2 hours for a population of bacteria to grow from 100 cells to 1600 cells, what is the generation time of this bacterial species? 15 minutes 20 minutes 30 minutes 40 minutesarrow_forwardCalculate the size of a population of bacteria that divide every 30 minutes will be in 10 hours if, at the start, it has 50 individuals and R = 2.arrow_forward
- Listen Bacteria exhibit exponential growth, where every generation results in a population doubling. If you start with a single cell, after 4 generations of reproduction, how many bacteria will there be? 016 4 8 64arrow_forwardYou sample cole slaw for bacteria soon after purchase, and after it has been left out on the kitchen counter for 6 hours (room temperature), and after 12 hours (at room temperature). From the data below, CALCULATE the generation time of the bacteria in this sample (at room temperature) – that is, the time it takes for the bacterial population to double in number. Soon after purchase: 4.0 x 103 bacteria per mlAt 6 hours at Room Temperature: 1.9 x 105 bacteria per ml ( = 192 x 103 bacteria per ml)At 12 hours at Room Temperature: 1.2 x 107 bacteria per ml ( = 12,300 x 103 bacteria per ml) What do you calculate the generation time to be? (generation time is the time needed for the population to double in size ) Hint: What is double the initial population? Hint:…arrow_forwardSolve the question in the photoarrow_forward
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