Concept explainers
The heats of fusion of three substances are listed below. Explain the trend this list reflects.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
- A 0.250-g chunk of sodium metal is cautiously dropped into a mixture of 50.0 g water and 50.0 g ice, both at 0C. The reaction is 2Na(s)+2H2O(l)2NaOH(aq)+H2(g)H=368kJ Assuming no heat loss to the surroundings, will the ice melt? Assuming the final mixture has a specific heat capacity of 4.18 J/gc, calculate the final temperature. The enthalpy of fusion for ice is 6.02 kJ/mol.arrow_forwardConsider the data for substance X given in Exercise 117. When the temperature of 1.000 mole of X(g) is lowered from 100.0C to form X(l) at 50.0C. 28.75 kJ of heat is released. Calculate the specific heat capacity of X(g).arrow_forwardWhich would you expect to have the higher fusion enthalpy, N2 or I2? Explain your choice.arrow_forward
- Explain why the enthalpies of vaporization of the following substances increase in the order CH4NH3H2O, even though all three substances have approximately the same molar mass.arrow_forwardhe enthalpy (H)of vaporization of water is about seven times larger than water’s enthalpy fusion(41kJ/molvs.6kJ/mol). What does this tell us about the relative similarities among the solid, liquid, and gaseous states of water?arrow_forwardConsider the iodine monochloride molecule, ICI. Because chlorine is more electronegative than iodine, this molecule is a dipole. How would you expect iodine monochloride molecules in the gaseous state to orient themselves with respect to each other as the sample is cooled and the molecules begin to aggregate? Sketch the orientation you would expect.arrow_forward
- Calculate the quantity of heating required to convert the water in four ice cubes (60.1 g each) from H2O(s) at 0 °C to H2O(g) at 100. °C. The enthalpy of fusion of ice is 333 J/g and the enthalpy of vaporization of liquid water is 2260 J/g.arrow_forwardExplain why liquids assume the shape of any container into which they are poured, whereas solids are rigid and retain their shape.arrow_forwardIs it possible to liquefy nitrogen at room temperature (about 25 C)? Is it possible to liquefy sulfur dioxide at room temperature? Explain your answers.arrow_forward
- Question 9 of 28 Submit What amount of heat (in kJ) is required to convert 13.3 g of an unknown liquid (MM = 83.21 g/mol) at 19.2 °C to a gas at 93.5 °C? (specific heat capacity of liquid = 1.58 J/g.°C; specific heat capacity of gas = 0.932 J/g.°C; AHvap = 22.5 kJ/mol; normal boiling point, Tb = 57.3°C) kJ 1 2 3 4 5 C 7 8 9 +/- х 10 0 Tap here or pull up for additional resourcesarrow_forwardWhat amount of heat (in kJ) is required to convert 26.6 g of an unknown solid (MM = 92.14 g/mol) at -115.0 °C to a liquid at 32.3 °C? (specific heat capacity of solid = 1.06 J/g °C; specific heat capacity of liquid = 1.71 J/g. °C; AHfus = 6.61 kJ/mol; normal freezing point, Tf = -95.0 °C)arrow_forward14. Calculate the amount of heat (in kJ) released when 35.0 g of benzene vapor is cooled from 96.0 °C to 26.4 °C. For benzene: bp = 80.09 °C AHvap = 30.72 kJ/mol mp = 5.49 °C AHfus = 9.87 kJ/mol Cp,liq = 136.0 J/mol K Cp, vap = 82.4 J/mol Karrow_forward
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