21st Century Astronomy
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393428063
Author: Kay
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 14, Problem 27QP
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The description about lost mass in proton-proton chain.
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The mass of 1H is 1.007825 u and the mass of 1n is 1.008665 u. The mass of 12C is 12.000000 u, of 13N is 13.005739 u, and of 14N is 14.003074 u. What is the binding energy of the last proton in 13N?
Which particle has the largest mass? and How do nuclear decay reactions help explain the difference in the mass of the proton and neutron?
A black hole is a blackbody if ever there was one, so it should emit blackbody radiation, called Hawking radiation. A black hole of mass M has a total energy of MC2, a surface area of 16πG2M2 / c4 and a temperature of hc3 /16π2kGM.
Imagine a black hole in empty space, where it emits radiation but absorbs nothing. As it loses energy, its mass must decrease; one could say it "evaporates." Derive a differential equation for the mass as a function of time, and solve this equation to obtain an expression for the lifetime of a black hole in terms of its initial mass.
Chapter 14 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 14.1ACYUCh. 14.1 - Prob. 14.1BCYUCh. 14.2 - Prob. 14.2CYUCh. 14.3 - Prob. 14.3CYUCh. 14.4 - Prob. 14.4CYUCh. 14 - Prob. 1QPCh. 14 - Prob. 2QPCh. 14 - Prob. 3QPCh. 14 - Prob. 4QPCh. 14 - Prob. 5QP
Ch. 14 - Prob. 6QPCh. 14 - Prob. 7QPCh. 14 - Prob. 8QPCh. 14 - Prob. 9QPCh. 14 - Prob. 10QPCh. 14 - Prob. 11QPCh. 14 - Prob. 12QPCh. 14 - Prob. 13QPCh. 14 - Prob. 14QPCh. 14 - Prob. 15QPCh. 14 - Prob. 16QPCh. 14 - Prob. 17QPCh. 14 - Prob. 18QPCh. 14 - Prob. 19QPCh. 14 - Prob. 20QPCh. 14 - Prob. 21QPCh. 14 - Prob. 22QPCh. 14 - Prob. 23QPCh. 14 - Prob. 24QPCh. 14 - Prob. 25QPCh. 14 - Prob. 26QPCh. 14 - Prob. 27QPCh. 14 - Prob. 28QPCh. 14 - Prob. 29QPCh. 14 - Prob. 30QPCh. 14 - Prob. 31QPCh. 14 - Prob. 34QPCh. 14 - Prob. 35QPCh. 14 - Prob. 36QPCh. 14 - Prob. 37QPCh. 14 - Prob. 38QPCh. 14 - Prob. 39QPCh. 14 - Prob. 40QPCh. 14 - Prob. 41QPCh. 14 - Prob. 42QPCh. 14 - Prob. 43QPCh. 14 - Prob. 44QPCh. 14 - Prob. 45QP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What is the percentage difference mass loss between a Helium nucleus and 4 protons? My math came out to 99% but I think I did something wrong (this assumes the mass for of 4 protons is 6.6792 x 10^-27kg and a the mass of a helium nucleus is 6.6892e x 10^-27kg (Units need to be in kilograms to use with e=mc^2)arrow_forwardIn fact, the conversion of mass to energy in the Sun is not 100% efficient. As we have seen in the text, the conversion of four hydrogen atoms to one helium atom results in the conversion of about 0.02862 times the mass of a proton to energy. How much energy in joules does one such reaction produce? (See Appendix E for the mass of the hydrogen atom, which, for all practical purposes, is the mass of a proton.)arrow_forwardState three experimental findings that support the Big Bang model of the universe.arrow_forward
- What force keeps the all stars from flying apart? (18.3) (a) nuclear force (b) gravitational force (c) radiation pressure (d) electrical forcearrow_forwardHow is a neutrino different from a neutron? List all the ways you can think of.arrow_forwardNeutron stars are extremely dense objects that are formed from the remnants of supernova explosions. Many rotate very rapidly. Suppose the mass of a certain spherical neutron star is twice the mass of the Sun and its radius is 10.0 km. Determine the greatest possible angular speed the neutron star can have so that the matter at its surface on the equator is just held in orbit by the gravitational force.arrow_forward
- a) Determine the wavelength of light (6563A) observed by a distant observer that is emitted by a source at rest: i) at a radius of r = 2.2M outside a black hole of mass M = 1 Ma. ii) where = -6x 10-5.arrow_forwardShown here is the Hawking equation that describes radiation from black holes: 2hG Where: S- entropy (J/K) A- area of the event horizon (m2) k-Boltzman's constant (m² kg/s² K) | c- speed of light h- Planck's constant (m2 kg/s) G- universal gravitation constant (m³/kg s²) a) Using the equation and units of the other terms, find the units for c. %3D b) In this system of units, c = 2.99 x 10%. Convert this to miles/hour.arrow_forward129. In 1999, scientists discovered a new class of black holes with masses 100 to 10,000 times the mass of our sun but occu- pying less space than our moon. Suppose that one of these black holes has a mass of 1 × 10° suns and a radius equal to one-half the radius of our moon. What is its density in grams per cubic centimeter? The mass of the sun is 2.0 × 10º kg, and the radius of the moon is 2.16 × 10° mi. (Volume of a 4 sphere =Tr.) 3arrow_forward
- What is the energy equivalent of the electron and proton with masses 9.109384 10-31 kg and 1.672623 10-27 kg ? 3-arrow_forwardThe Sun is powered by releasing hydrogen to helium. Through either the proton-proton chain or the CNO cycle, the basic reaction is 4 1H morph into 1 4He, releasing nuclear binding energy (and losing mass) in the process. The mass of one proton 1H is 1.6726 x 10-24 gm and the mass of one helium nucleus 4He is 6.6447 x 10-24 gm. What is the mass difference in gm between 4 protons and one helium nucleus? Calculate the ratio of the mass difference to the original mass of the 4 protons as a comparison.arrow_forwardHow much energy could we obtain from 1 kg of hydrogen if it were to undergo nuclear fusion in the interior of a star? The proton mass is 1.00794 amu and the Helium mass is 4.002602 amu. Please please show all calculations and what numbers you are using thank you i will give a thumbs uparrow_forward
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