Concept explainers
a.
Interpretation:
Structure of a D-aldotriose has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Simplest carbohydrates are known as monosaccharides. They contain three to six carbons generally in a chain form with a carbonyl group present in the terminal or the adjacent carbon atom from the terminal. Monosaccharides that have the carbonyl group at the terminal carbon atom
The number of carbon atoms present in the chain characterize the monosaccharide. They are given below.
- Carbon chain with three carbon atoms is triose.
- Carbon chain with four carbon atoms is tetrose.
- Carbon chain with five carbon atoms is as pentose.
- Carbon chain with six carbon atoms is as hexose.
A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups is known as a chiral carbon atom. This can rotate the plane polarized light. D- and L- isomers of monosaccharide can be identified by looking into the chiral center that is farther from the carbonyl group. In a Fischer projection, if the
b.
Interpretation:
Structure of a L-ketohexose has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Refer part “a.”.
c.
Interpretation:
Structure of a four-carbon aldonic acid has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Carbohydrates also undergo oxidation. Monosaccharides that are aldoses contains an
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 14 Solutions
Principles of General, Organic, Biological Chemistry
- Fructose, present with glucose in honey, reacts with Benedicts reagent. Circle the structural features that enable fructose to react.arrow_forwardWhich of the following types of monosaccharides have cyclic forms that involve a 5-membered ring? a. Aldohexoses and ketopentoses b. Aldopentoses and ketopentoses c. Aldopentoses and ketohexoses d. All of the above.arrow_forward1. Classify the molecule shown according to the location of its carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms. CH₂OH C=O PIL a. Aldotriose b. Aldotetrose Aldopentose d., Ketotriose Ketotetrose HO-C-H L CH₂OHarrow_forward
- Classify the following monosaccharide. a. alpha pyranose b. alpha furanose c. beta pyranose d. deoxy pyranose e. beta furanosearrow_forwardWhich statements are correct regarding the formation of maltose?A. Hydrolysis reaction between alpha-D-glucose and beta-D-glucoseB. Condensation reaction between alpha-D-glucose and beta-D-glucoseC. Condensation reaction between beta-galactose and beta-glucoseD. Hydrolysis of starch into a di-saccharide product a). A and B b). C and D c). B and D d). B and C e). B, C and Darrow_forwardQuestion 21 Match the structures with the description NH NH CHO CH HO CH, HO HỌ CH, NICH H. ocit, CH, он он HO но- HO HO он CH2 OH >arrow_forward
- 16. What type of functional group is formed when a linear sugar assumes a cyclic structure?A. KetoneB. AldehydeC. HemiacetalD. Ether17. D-fructose is a reducing monosaccharide. The reducing capacity of this sugar is related to the presence of a carbonylgroup. Where is the carbonyl group of this sugar located?A. second carbonB. penultimate carbonC. last carbonD. first carbonarrow_forward1. Seliwanoff's test uses 6M HCl as dehydrating agent and resoncinol as condensation reagent. The test reagent dehydrates ketohexoses to produce a a. green compound b. violet precipitate c. faint pink color d. cherry red product 2. Bial’s test reacts with hexoses yield a a. red or pink product b. brown to grey product c. blue to purple color d. white precipitate 3. Bial’s test uses concentrated HCl as a dehydrating acid and orcinol + traces of ferric chloride as condensation reagent. The test reagent dehydrates pentoses to form furfural. Furfural further reacts with orcinol and the iron ion present in the test reagent to produce a a. bluish or green product b. red precipitate c. yellow solution d. light pink or pink solution 4. The copper sulfate (CuSO4) present in Benedict's solution reacts with electrons from the aldehyde or ketone group of certain sugars to form a carboxylic acid and a a. reddish…arrow_forwardAll polysaccharides consist of sugar monomers joined together by a. ester linkages b. amide linkages O c. alpha-glucosidic linkages d. glycosidic linkagesarrow_forward
- Which structure of Erythrose is referred to by the given Fischer projection? A. L-Erythrose B. D-Erythrose но- -H HO H CH2OHarrow_forwardClassify the following disaccharide. a. beta 1-2 disaccharide b. alpha 1-4 disaccharide c. alpha 1-6 disaccharide d. alpha 1-2 disaccharide e. beta 1-4 disaccharide f. beta 1-6 disaccharidearrow_forwarda. In an aqueous solution, d-glucose exists in equilibrium with two six-membered ring compounds. Draw the structures of these compounds.b. Which of the six-membered ring compounds will be the major product?arrow_forward
- World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,