Production and Operations Analysis, Seventh Edition
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781478623069
Author: Steven Nahmias, Tava Lennon Olsen
Publisher: Waveland Press, Inc.
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 13.7, Problem 26P
Summary Introduction
Interpretation:
Effect of optimal policy on tire replacement.
Concept Introduction:
Optimal replacement policy is used by the companies to determine the time period that would minimize the expected cost per unit time for any equipment.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
A market analyst working for a small appliance manufacturer finds that if the firm produces and sells x blenders annually, a model for the total profit (in dollars) is
P(x) = 8x + 0.3x2 − 0.001x3 − 372.
Graph the function P in an appropriate viewing rectangle, and use the graph to answer the following questions.
(a) When just a few blenders are manufactured, the firm loses money (profit is negative). (For example,
P(10) = −263,
so the firm loses $263.00 if it produces and sells only 10 blenders.) How many blenders must the firm produce to break even? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.) blenders(b) Does profit increase indefinitely as more blenders are produced and sold?
YesNo
If not, what is the largest possible profit the firm could have? (If profit increases indefinitely, enter your answer as ∞. Otherwise, round your answer to the nearest cent.)
Dataware is trying to determine whether to give a $10 rebate, cut the price $6, or have no price change on a software product. Currently, 40,000 units of the product are sold each week for $45 apiece. The variable cost of the product is $5. The most likely case appears to be that a $10 rebate will increase sales 30%, and half of all people will claim the rebate. For the price cut, the most likely case is that sales will increase 20%.a. Given all other assumptions, what increase in sales from the rebate would make the rebate and price cut equally desirable?b. Dataware does not really know the increase in sales that will result from a rebate or price cut. However, the company is sure that the rebate will increase sales by between 15% and 40% and that the price cut will increase sales by between 10% and 30%. Perform a sensitivity analysis (two-way data table) that could be used to help determine Dataware’s best decision.
1. Suppose you are going on a weekend trip to a city that is d miles away. Develop a model that determines your round-trip gasoline costs. What assumptions or approximations are necessary to treat this model as a deterministic model? Are these assumptions or approximations acceptable to you?
2. Suppose that a manager has a choice between the following two mathematical models of a given situation:
(a)a relatively simple model that is a reasonable approximation of the real situation, and
(b)a thorough and complex model that is the most accurate mathematical representation of the real situation possible.
Why might the model described in part (a) be preferred by the manager?
Chapter 13 Solutions
Production and Operations Analysis, Seventh Edition
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 3PCh. 13.1 - Prob. 4PCh. 13.1 - Prob. 5PCh. 13.1 - Prob. 6PCh. 13.2 - Prob. 7PCh. 13.2 - Prob. 9PCh. 13.3 - Prob. 13PCh. 13.3 - Prob. 14PCh. 13.4 - Prob. 15PCh. 13.4 - Prob. 16P
Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 17PCh. 13.4 - Prob. 18PCh. 13.4 - Prob. 19PCh. 13.4 - Prob. 20PCh. 13.6 - Prob. 21PCh. 13.6 - Prob. 22PCh. 13.6 - Prob. 23PCh. 13.6 - Prob. 24PCh. 13.6 - Prob. 25PCh. 13.7 - Prob. 26PCh. 13.7 - Prob. 27PCh. 13.7 - Prob. 28PCh. 13.7 - Prob. 30PCh. 13.7 - Prob. 31PCh. 13.7 - Prob. 32PCh. 13.7 - Prob. 33PCh. 13.7 - Prob. 34PCh. 13.8 - Prob. 35PCh. 13.8 - Prob. 36PCh. 13.8 - Prob. 37PCh. 13.8 - Prob. 38PCh. 13.8 - Prob. 39PCh. 13.8 - Prob. 40PCh. 13.8 - Prob. 41PCh. 13 - Prob. 42APCh. 13 - Prob. 43APCh. 13 - Prob. 44APCh. 13 - Prob. 45APCh. 13 - Prob. 46APCh. 13 - Prob. 48APCh. 13 - Prob. 49APCh. 13 - Prob. 51APCh. 13 - Prob. 52APCh. 13 - Prob. 53AP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, operations-management and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Referring to Example 11.1, if the average bid for each competitor stays the same, but their bids exhibit less variability, does Millers optimal bid increase or decrease? To study this question, assume that each competitors bid, expressed as a multiple of Millers cost to complete the project, follows each of the following distributions. a. Triangular with parameters 1.0, 1.3, and 2.4 b. Triangular with parameters 1.2, 1.3, and 2.2 c. Use @RISKs Define Distributions window to check that the distributions in parts a and b have the same mean as the original triangular distribution in the example, but smaller standard deviations. What is the common mean? Why is it not the same as the most likely value, 1.3?arrow_forwardRerun the new car simulation from Example 11.4, but now use the RISKSIMTABLE function appropriately to simulate discount rates of 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, and 15%. Comment on how the outputs change as the discount rate decreases from the value used in the example, 10%.arrow_forwardBased on Grossman and Hart (1983). A salesperson for Fuller Brush has three options: (1) quit, (2) put forth a low level of effort, or (3) put forth a high level of effort. Suppose for simplicity that each salesperson will sell 0, 5000, or 50,000 worth of brushes. The probability of each sales amount depends on the effort level as described in the file P07_71.xlsx. If a salesperson is paid w dollars, he or she regards this as a benefit of w1/2 units. In addition, low effort costs the salesperson 0 benefit units, whereas high effort costs 50 benefit units. If a salesperson were to quit Fuller and work elsewhere, he or she could earn a benefit of 20 units. Fuller wants all salespeople to put forth a high level of effort. The question is how to minimize the cost of encouraging them to do so. The company cannot observe the level of effort put forth by a salesperson, but it can observe the size of his or her sales. Thus, the wage paid to the salesperson is completely determined by the size of the sale. This means that Fuller must determine w0, the wage paid for sales of 0; w5000, the wage paid for sales of 5000; and w50,000, the wage paid for sales of 50,000. These wages must be set so that the salespeople value the expected benefit from high effort more than quitting and more than low effort. Determine how to minimize the expected cost of ensuring that all salespeople put forth high effort. (This problem is an example of agency theory.)arrow_forward
- In Problem 11 from the previous section, we stated that the damage amount is normally distributed. Suppose instead that the damage amount is triangularly distributed with parameters 500, 1500, and 7000. That is, the damage in an accident can be as low as 500 or as high as 7000, the most likely value is 1500, and there is definite skewness to the right. (It turns out, as you can verify in @RISK, that the mean of this distribution is 3000, the same as in Problem 11.) Use @RISK to simulate the amount you pay for damage. Run 5000 iterations. Then answer the following questions. In each case, explain how the indicated event would occur. a. What is the probability that you pay a positive amount but less than 750? b. What is the probability that you pay more than 600? c. What is the probability that you pay exactly 1000 (the deductible)?arrow_forward3. The manager of a manufacturing company is trying to figure out how many products need to be produced for the coming quarter. Suppose the beginning inventory of the quarter is 500 units and the management predicts that the sales volume in the coming quarter would be 2400 units. The company also requires 1100 units ending inventory for the coming quarter. What should be the production volume for that quarter? a. 2400 b. 3000 c. 3300 d. 3900arrow_forwardLong-Life Insurance developed a linear model to determine the amount of term life insurance a family of four should have, based on the head of the household's current age. The equation is: y = 163 -0.45xwherey = Insurance needed ($000)x = Current age of head of household Calculate the amount of term life insurance you would recommend for a family of four if the head of the household is 53 years old. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)arrow_forward
- A company manufactures two products. If it chargesprice pi for product i, it can sell qi units of product i,where q1 = 60 - 3p1 + p2 and q2 = 80 - 2p2 + p1. Itcosts $5 to produce a unit of product 1 and $12 to produce a unit of product 2. How many units of eachproduct should the company produce, and what pricesshould it charge, to maximize its profit? Use spreadsheet modelling in Excelarrow_forwardA company has determined that its profit for a product can be described by a linear function.The profit from the production and sale of 150 units is $455, and the profit from250 units is $895.(b) You are the CEO for a lightweight compasses manufacturer. The demandfunction for the lightweight compasses is given by p = 40 − 4q2where qis the number of lightweight compasses produced in millions.It costs the company $15to make a lightweight compass.(i) Write an equation giving profit as a function of the number of lightweight compassesproduced.(ii) At the moment the company produces 2 million lightweight compasses and makes a profitof $18,000,000, but you would like to reduce production. What smaller number oflightweight compasses could the company produce to yield the same profit?arrow_forwardCompany A's stock sells for $142 a share and has a 3-year average annual return of $27 per share. The beta value, a measure of risk, is 0.38. Company B sells for $149 a share and has a 3-year average annual return of $61 a share. The beta value is 1.23. Tori wants to spend no more than $12000 investing in these two stocks, but she wants to obtain at least $3000 in annual revenue. Tori also wants to minimize the risk, that is, the beta value. Determine how many shares of each stock Tori should buy.arrow_forward
- (1) When chef Paolo prices his speciality ‘pizza-n-all’ meal at £25, he sells 20 meals a day. When he prices his pizza meal at £22, he sells 21 meals a day. Suppose Paolo reduces his price from £25 to £22. Explain the impact of the price reduction on the revenue he receives from the first 20 meals he sells. Total Revenue – Price X Quantity. Revenue @ £25 = £25 X 20 = £500. Revenue @ £22 = £25 X 20 = £440 The impact of the price reduction is a reduction in total revenue of £60 (-12%) over the first 20 meals that he sells. Calculate the additional revenue generated from the additional meals he sells when he lowers his price to £22. Total Revenue = Price X Quantity. Total Revenue @ £22 = £22 X 21 = £462. Additional Revenue = Revenue @ £25 – revenue @ £22 = £500 - £462 = -£38. Calculate the marginal revenue Paolo receives from the 21st meal. How does that amount relate to the amounts you calculated in (a) and (b)? (3%) Suppose Paolo reduces his price from £25 to £22. Explain…arrow_forward4. A publisher prints copies of a popular weekly tabloid for distribution and sale. The fixed costs are $500 per print run, with each copy printed costing an additional $0.40. If C(q) is the cost function (in $) of the price of the print run as a function of copies printed, what is the formula for C(q)? Select one: a. C(q) = 500 + 0.4q b. C(q) = 500q + 0.4 c. C(q) = (500 + 0.4)q d. C(q) = 500 - 0.4q e. C(q) = 500q - 0.4 5. A hot dog vendor sells an average of 50 hot dogs during a Little League baseball game. If the sales are Normally distributed with a standard deviation of 7 hot dogs, what is the probability the vendor will sell between 45 and 65 hot dogs? Select one: a. 74.50% b. 92.36% c. 99.78% d. 174.50% e. 2.14 f. -0.71 g. 0.71arrow_forwardUse excel for this problem A trust officer at the Blacksburg National Bank needs to determine how to invest $150,000 in the following collection of bonds to maximize the annual return. Bond Annual Return Maturity Risk Tax Free A 9.5% Long High Yes B 8.0% Short Low Yes C 9.0% Long Low No D 9.0% Long High Yes E 9.0% Short High No The officer wants to invest at least 40% of the money in short-term issues and no more than 20% in high-risk issues. At least 25% of the funds should go in tax-free investments, and at least 45% of the total annual return should be tax free. Formulate the LP model for this problem. Create the spreadsheet model and use Solver to solve the problem.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Practical Management ScienceOperations ManagementISBN:9781337406659Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.Publisher:Cengage,
Practical Management Science
Operations Management
ISBN:9781337406659
Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.
Publisher:Cengage,