Microbiology: A Systems Approach
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259706615
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 13.3, Problem 19AYP
Summary Introduction
To differentiate:
Between the terms incidence and prevalence.
Concept introduction:
Disease incidence measures the number of new cases over a certain time period. The prevalence of a disease is the total number of existing cases with respect to the entire population.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1AYPCh. 13.1 - Identify the sites where normal biota is found in...Ch. 13.1 - Discuss how the Human Microbiome Project has...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 4AYPCh. 13.2 - Differentiate between a microbes pathogenicity and...Ch. 13.2 - List the steps a microbe has to take to get to the...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 13.2 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 13.2 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 13.2 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 13.2 - Draw and label a curve representing the course of...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 13.2 - List six different modes of horizontal...Ch. 13.2 - Define healthcare-associated infection, listing...Ch. 13.2 - List Kochs postulates, and explain alternative...Ch. 13.3 - Summarize the goals of epidemiology and the role...Ch. 13.3 - Identify why some diseases are notifiable, and...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 13.3 - Discuss the three major types of epidemics, and...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 13 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 13 - A positive antibody test for HIV would be a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 11TFCh. 13 - Prob. 12TFCh. 13 - Prob. 13TFCh. 13 - Prob. 14TFCh. 13 - Prob. 15TFCh. 13 - Based upon data from the Human Microbiome Project...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2CTQCh. 13 - Prob. 3CTQCh. 13 - Prob. 4CTQCh. 13 - Prob. 5CTQCh. 13 - Prob. 1VCCh. 13 - Appendix D provides guidance for working with...
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- 34) During a cohort study of 5000 children, the occurrence of Disease X is measured over a 5-year period. On average 20 children have signs and symptoms of Disease X each day. Over the 5-year period, the diagnosis of Disease X is rendered 30,000 times. Which of the following relationships of incidence and prevalence best describes the characteristics of Disease X? a. High incidence and high prevalence, indicative of a short-duration curable disease b. High incidence but low prevalence, indicative of a chronic incurable disease c. High incidence but low prevalence, indicative of a short-duration curable disease d. Low incidence and low prevalence, not predictive of specific disease behavior e. Low incidence but high prevalence, indicative of a chronic incurable diseasearrow_forwardIn a case-control study, how do the cases differ from the controls?arrow_forwardCalculating Incidence versus Prevalence The picture represents 10 new cases of illness over about 15 months in a population of 20 persons. Each horizontal line represents one person. The down arrow indicates the date of onset of illness. The solid line represents the duration of illness. The up arrow and the cross represent the date of recovery and date of death, respectively. The picture New: Cases of Illness from October 1, 2004–September 30, 2005 Question: Calculate the period prevalence from October 1, 2004, to September 30, 2005. The numerator of period prevalence includes anyone who was ill any time during the period. In Figure 3.1, the first 10 persons were all ill at some time during the period.arrow_forward
- Calculate rates of incidence, prevalence, morbidity, and mortalityarrow_forwardCalculating Incidence versus Prevalence The picture represents 10 new cases of illness over about 15 months in a population of 20 persons. Each horizontal line represents one person. The down arrow indicates the date of onset of illness. The solid line represents the duration of illness. The up arrow and the cross represent the date of recovery and date of death, respectively. The picture New: Cases of Illness from October 1, 2004–September 30, 2005 Question: Calculate the incidence rate from October 1, 2004, to September 30, 2005, using the midpoint population (population alive on April 1, 2005) as the denominator. Express the rate per 100 population.arrow_forwardIdentify what type of mortality indicator is depicted in the following graph.arrow_forward
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- Explain the nursing measures to prevent bedsores among bedridden patients and explain parameters of Braden Scale.?arrow_forwardThe following graphs illustrate the incidence of pertussis (whooping cough) cases in the United States. The first graph organizes the data by year from 1922 to 2012, with the inset showing The following graphs illustrate the incidence of pertussis (whooping cough) cases in the United States. The first graph organizes the data by year from 1922 to 2012, with the inset showing a. Describe what the first graph shows. What do each of the axes represent? What does any point on the line show? What general trend is seen, if all the data shown in the graph are considered? b. Why do you think there was an increase in cases of pertussis in the first decade of the twenty-first century? c. Describe what the second graph shows. What do each of the axes represent? What does any point on each of the different lines show? What general trend is seen, if all the lines are considered? What differs among the lines? d. Compare the incidence of pertussis cases in children under 1 year old and people over the age…arrow_forwardIdentify the three major categories of risk factors and examples of specific risk factors in each.arrow_forward
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