Chemistry In Focus
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399692
Author: Tro, Nivaldo J.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 13, Problem 28E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The steps undertaken to decrease the acidity of the rain in U.S. are to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Acid rain occurs due to emissions of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and the combustion of fossil fuels. The typically detected
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Chemistry In Focus
Ch. 13 - Which property is not generally associated with...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2SCCh. 13 - The ideal pH of a swimming pool is 7.2. You...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.1YTCh. 13 - Identify the Brnsted-Lowry acid and base in the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1ECh. 13 - What are the properties of acids?Ch. 13 - Prob. 3ECh. 13 - Prob. 4ECh. 13 - List five common laboratory acids and their uses.
Ch. 13 - Why are bases not commonly found in foods?Ch. 13 - List four common laboratory bases and their uses.Ch. 13 - What are the Arrhenius definitions of acids and...Ch. 13 - What are the Brnsted-Lowry definitions of acids...Ch. 13 - What is the difference between a strong acid and a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 11ECh. 13 - What pH range is considered acidic? Basic?...Ch. 13 - What acid is responsible for the sour taste of...Ch. 13 - What is pickling? What acid is responsible for the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 15ECh. 13 - Prob. 16ECh. 13 - List several common acids and where they might be...Ch. 13 - Prob. 18ECh. 13 - Prob. 19ECh. 13 - What causes acid indigestion? List some common...Ch. 13 - Prob. 21ECh. 13 - Explain how a leavening agent works.Ch. 13 - Prob. 23ECh. 13 - Prob. 24ECh. 13 - Prob. 25ECh. 13 - Prob. 26ECh. 13 - Prob. 27ECh. 13 - Prob. 28ECh. 13 - Write a chemical equation to show the...Ch. 13 - Write a chemical equation to show the...Ch. 13 - Identify the Brnsted-Lowry acid and base in each...Ch. 13 - Identify the Brnsted-Lowry acid and base in each...Ch. 13 - Write a chemical equation using Lewis structures...Ch. 13 - Write a chemical equation using Lewis structures...Ch. 13 - A chemist makes two solutions. One is a 0.01-MHCl...Ch. 13 - A chemist makes a 0.001-MNaOH solution and a...Ch. 13 - Give the pH that corresponds to each solution and...Ch. 13 - Give the pH that corresponds to each solution and...Ch. 13 - What is the [H3O+] in a solution with a pH of 4?Ch. 13 - What is the [H3O+] in a solution with a pH of 11?Ch. 13 - Write chemical reactions to show how each antacid...Ch. 13 - Write chemical reactions to show how each antacid...Ch. 13 - Suppose that the stomach contains...Ch. 13 - Suppose that 250.0 mL of a basic solution is 0.100...Ch. 13 - Prob. 45ECh. 13 - Write a chemical reaction to show how NO2 forms...Ch. 13 - Prob. 47ECh. 13 - Prob. 50ECh. 13 - Determine from the following molecular view of a...Ch. 13 - Determine from the following molecular view of a...
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- Unpolluted rain water has a pH of about 5.5. Acid rain has been shown to have a pH as low as 3.0. Calculate the [H+] ratio of acid rain to unpolluted rain.arrow_forwardA food processing plant is located on the edge of a river. Upstream from the food processing plant, the pH of a sample of water is 6.5. Downstream, a sample of river water that was mixed with water from the food processing plant was measured at a pH of 8.5. (Share your rationale and show all calculations.) a) Is the water downstream from the food processing plant more acidic or more basic than the river water upstream from the food processing plant? b) What is the concentration of hydrogen ion [H+] in downstream sample of river water that was mixed with water from the food processing plant?arrow_forwardWhat type of pollution is the greatest cause of acid rain?arrow_forward
- For each of the following pairs of substances Classify each of the substances. Compare their approximate pH levels. Compare their ability to conduct electricity. Compare their relative hydronium or hydroxide concentration. Comparison of 1.0 mol/L HCOOH(aq) and 1.0 mol/L NH3(aq) HCOOH(aq) is classified as a ___ NH3(aq) is classified as a ___ NH3(aq) has _____ pH than HCOOH(aq) has. NH3(aq) is a __ electrical conductor than HCOOH(aq) is NH3(aq) has a ___ [H3O+(aq)] than HCOOH(aq) has. Comparison of 1.0 mol/L HI(aq) and 1.0 mol/L KOH(aq) KOH(aq) is classified as a ____ HI(aq) is classified as a ___ HI(aq) has a ___ pH than KOH(aq) has. HI(aq) is a ___ electrical conductor than KOH(aq) is. HI(aq) has a ___ [H3O+(aq)] than KOH(aq) has.arrow_forwardAcid Rain Acid rain is a growing worldwide environmental problem. Naturally, rainwater should have a pH of not less than 5.5, but in the northeastern United States, for example, the average pH of rainwater is about 4.5. The increased acidity of the rain kills plants and animals in lakes and streams, causes increased weathering and decomposition of limestone in statues and on buildings (posing a major threat to Greek antiquities), and creates problems with the production of fruit and vegetable crops. The major chemical involved is sulfur dioxide, SO2SO2, which combines with rainwater to form sulfuric acid. Atmospheric SO2SO2 has many sources, with volcanoes being the primary natural contributor. However, the burning of fossil fuel as the result of human industrialization has led to a significant increase in atmospheric SO2SO2 levels. The number of moles nnn of SO2SO2 released from a coal-burning power plant can be determined from the density ρρrho, volume VVV, and the molar mass…arrow_forwardGiven the pH of different samples see given infomration attached and determine if solution is acid or base or neutralarrow_forward
- Balance the following equations representing neutralization reactions:arrow_forwardWhich of the bases are strong bases and which are weak from Table 1? For the strong base,calculate the pH:arrow_forwardWrite the equation for dissolving Hydrochloric acid in water (include water). Identify base, acid, conjugate acid, and conjugate base. Describe where the equilibrium lies and why.arrow_forward
- At pH 5, most fish eggs cannot hatch. At lower pH levels, some adult fish die. Some acidic lakes have no fish. Below is the chart with pH levels at which the organism will not exist as acidity in the environment increases. What can be added to the acidic lakes to raise the pH level so these oganisms can survive? Critical pH Levels for Aquatic Organisms Animal Snails Clams Bass Crayfish Mayfly Trout Salamanders Perch Frogs Critical pH Level 6 6 5.5 5.5 5.5 OC. Potassium hydroxide O D. Citric acid 5 5 4.5 4 This figure illustrates the pH level at which key organisms may be lost as their environment becomes more acidic. Not all fish, shellfish, or the insects that they eat can tolerate the same amount of acid. O A. Potassium hydrogen carbonate B. Epsom salts, MgSO4arrow_forwardwhat is the pH of a 0.15 mol/L solution of hypochlorous acid? the answer should be written to two decimal places.arrow_forwardAn engineer wants to determine whether a certain pH meter is working correctly. She uses the meter to measure the pH in 14 neutral substances (pH = 7.0) and obtains the data shown in the following table. 7.01 7.04 6.97 7.00 6.99 6.97 7.04 7.04 7.01 7.00 6.99 7.04 7.07 6.97 Is there sufficient evidence that the meter is not correctly measuring the pH?arrow_forward
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