General Chemistry
General Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780073402758
Author: Chang, Raymond/ Goldsby
Publisher: McGraw-Hill College
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Chapter 13, Problem 13.105SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Application of distillation and freezing for the purpose of removing dissolved salts from seawater should be described.

Concept Introduction:

Osmosis is net progress of solvent molecule via semi permeable membrane from low concentration region to high concentration region until equilibrium is attained. Osmosis is spontaneous reaction.

Reverse osmosis is just opposite to the osmosis. Reverse osmosis is the process of forcing solvent from high concentrated region into low concentrated region via semi permeable membrane by applying pressure.

Desalination is the process of removal of dissolved salts preset in seawater.

Distillation is the process of purification of a liquid from mixture of two or more liquids by heating and cooling.

Freezing is the temperature at which liquid turns into solid phase.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The minimum pressure required to apply for reverse osmosis at 25oC should be calculated and the advantage of reverse osmosis over distillation and freezing should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Osmosis is net progress of solvent molecule via semi permeable membrane from low concentration region to high concentration region until equilibrium is attained. Osmosis is spontaneous reaction.

Reverse osmosis is just opposite to the osmosis. Reverse osmosis is the process of forcing solvent from high concentrated region into low concentrated region via semi permeable membrane by applying pressure.

Desalination is the process of removal of dissolved salts preset in seawater.

Osmotic pressure is the pressure that is needed to stop osmosis. Osmotic pressure of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution. We can calculate osmotic pressure by using this formula is given by,

Osmotic pressure (π) = MRT

Where,

M- Molarity of the solution (mol/L)

R- Ideal gas constant (0.08206L atm mol-1K-1)

T- Temperature in Kelvin

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Chapter 13 Solutions

General Chemistry

Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 2PECh. 13.6 - Prob. 2RCCh. 13.6 - Prob. 3PECh. 13.6 - Prob. 4PECh. 13.6 - Prob. 3RCCh. 13.6 - Prob. 5PECh. 13.6 - Prob. 4RCCh. 13 - Prob. 13.1QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.2QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.3QPCh. 13 - 13.4 As you know, some solution processes are...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.5QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.6QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.7QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.8QPCh. 13 - 13.9 Arrange these compounds in order of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.10QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.11QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.12QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.13QPCh. 13 - 13.14 Calculate the amount of water (in grams)...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.15QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.16QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.17QPCh. 13 - 12.20 For dilute aqueous solutions in which the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.19QPCh. 13 - 13.20 The concentrated sulfuric acid we use in the...Ch. 13 - 13.21 Calculate the molarity and the molality of...Ch. 13 - 13.22 The density of an aqueous solution...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.23QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.25QPCh. 13 - 13.26 The solubility of KNO3 is 155 g per 100 g of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.27QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.28QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.29QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.30QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.31QPCh. 13 - 13.32 A man bought a goldfish in a pet shop. Upon...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.33QPCh. 13 - 13.34 A miner working 260 m below sea level opened...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.35QPCh. 13 - 13.36 The solubility of N2 in blood at 37°C and at...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.37QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.38QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.39QPCh. 13 - 13.40 How is the lowering in vapor pressure...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.41QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.42QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.43QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.44QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.45QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.46QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.47QPCh. 13 - 13.48 How many grams of sucrose (C12H22O11) must...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.49QPCh. 13 - 13.50 The vapor pressures of ethanol (C2H5OH) and...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.51QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.52QPCh. 13 - 13.53 What are the boiling point and freezing...Ch. 13 - 13.54 An aqueous solution contains the amino acid...Ch. 13 - 13.55 Pheromones are compounds secreted by the...Ch. 13 - 12.58 The elemental analysis of an organic solid...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.57QPCh. 13 - 13.58 A solution is prepared by condensing 4.00 L...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.59QPCh. 13 - 13.60 A solution of 2.50 g of a compound of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.61QPCh. 13 - 13.62 A solution containing 0.8330 g of a protein...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.63QPCh. 13 - 13.64 A solution of 6.85 g of a carbohydrate in...Ch. 13 - 13.65 Define ion pairs. What effect does ion-pair...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.66QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.67QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.68QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.69QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.70QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.71QPCh. 13 - 13.72 At 25°C the vapor pressure of pure water is...Ch. 13 - 13.73 Both NaCl and CaCl2 are used to melt ice on...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.74QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.75QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.76QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.77QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.78QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.79QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.80QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.81QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.82QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.83QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.84QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.85QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.86QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.87QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.88QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.89QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.90QPCh. 13 - 13.91 Hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of...Ch. 13 - 13.92 Before a carbonated beverage bottle is...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.93QPCh. 13 - 13.94 Explain each of these statements: (a) The...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.95QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.96QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.97QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.98QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.99QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.100QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.101QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.102QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.103QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.104QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.105SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.106SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.107SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.108SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.109SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.110SPCh. 13 - 13.111 A student carried out the following...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.112SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.113SPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.114SP
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Solutions: Crash Course Chemistry #27; Author: Crash Course;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9h2f1Bjr0p4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY