Human Anatomy
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135168059
Author: Marieb, Elaine Nicpon, Brady, Patricia, Mallatt, Jon
Publisher: Pearson Education, Inc.,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 9RQ
Myelin is most like which of the following cell structures? (a) the cell nucleus,
(b) smooth endoplasmic reticulum, (c) ribosomes, (d) the plasma membrane.
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a) How does E allow faster transmission of signals?
b) What would happen if G has a lack of Calcium?
c) Most neurons have the style of junction (chemical) shown in the diagram, rather than gap (electrical) junctions. Why does this make sense?
(a) Describe the composition and function of the cell body. (b) How are axons and dendrites alike? In what ways (structurally and functionally) do they differ?
Neurons typically receive information at structures called
Question 1 options:
A)
Myelin
B)
Dendrites
C)
Neuroglia
D)
Axons
E)
Axon hillocks
Chapter 12 Solutions
Human Anatomy
Ch. 12 - In which direction are afferent signals carried?...Ch. 12 - What subdivision of the nervous system regulates...Ch. 12 - What type of sensation is (a) pain from a pulled...Ch. 12 - Which type of neuron process receives stimuli?Ch. 12 - Describe how the electrical impulse from one...Ch. 12 - What is the structural type of most sensory...Ch. 12 - Which structural type of neuron is most abundant?...Ch. 12 - Which neuroglia make myelin in the CNS? In the...Ch. 12 - Which neuroglia are common in regions where...Ch. 12 - Do Schwann cells cover nonmyelinated axons in the...
Ch. 12 - Name the connective tissue wrapping that encloses...Ch. 12 - Where do synaspes occur in the CNS, in white...Ch. 12 - Why is white matter white?Ch. 12 - If there is no interneuron in a reflex arc, as in...Ch. 12 - If you touch a hot stove, you reflexively...Ch. 12 - What type of neuronal circuit contains multiple...Ch. 12 - Both peripheral nerves and the white matter of the...Ch. 12 - From your understanding of the functions of myelin...Ch. 12 - What type of neurons form from neuroblasts in the...Ch. 12 - How does the development of sensory neurons...Ch. 12 - Prob. 1RQCh. 12 - Match the names of the cells in column B with the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3RQCh. 12 - Prob. 4RQCh. 12 - An example of an effector is (a) the eye, (b) a...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6RQCh. 12 - A ganglion is a collection of (a) neuron cell...Ch. 12 - A synapse between a terminal bouton and a neuron...Ch. 12 - Myelin is most like which of the following cell...Ch. 12 - Prob. 10RQCh. 12 - Afferent neurons of the PNS synapse in the CNS...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12RQCh. 12 - Prob. 13RQCh. 12 - Place the connective tissue coverings surrounding...Ch. 12 - Define proprioception.Ch. 12 - Prob. 16RQCh. 12 - Prob. 17RQCh. 12 - Distinguish gray matter from white matter of the...Ch. 12 - What is distinctive about the appearance of a cell...Ch. 12 - Describe the differences between neurons and...Ch. 12 - Distinguish a nerve from a nerve fiber and a...Ch. 12 - Prob. 22RQCh. 12 - Draw a reflex arc in place in the nervous system...Ch. 12 - Prob. 24RQCh. 12 - Why are the cell bodies of sensory neurons located...Ch. 12 - Prob. 26RQCh. 12 - Two anatomists were arguing about a sensory...Ch. 12 - An MRI scan and other diagnostic tests indicated...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3CRCAQCh. 12 - Rochelle developed multiple sclerosis when she was...Ch. 12 - Reflexes can be somatic (as in the knee-jerk...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6CRCAQ
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- Which factors in the establishment of the membrane potential are considered in the Nernst equation? (i) Coulomb force; (ii) Ion concentration; (iii) Length of the axon; (iv) Number of dendrites; (v) Permeability of the cell membrane. Select one: a. (i), (iii), (iv) b. (ii), (iii) c. (ii), (iv), (v) d. (i), (ii)arrow_forwardwhat is the role of (1) electrochemical gradient created by ions, (2) permeability of the membrane proteins to such ions, (3) strength of stimulus, and (4) duration of the refractory period in the generation and propagation of action potential.arrow_forwardThe sodium-potassium pump is really important to the functioning of neurons. (a) What does it do? (b) Why type of transport is it responsible for? Explain. (c) Imagine a person is exposed to a drug that destroys the sodium-potassium pump. How will this impact their neuron? Explain.arrow_forward
- Suppose you inactivated a neuron’s Na/K exchange pumps (the active transporters), then immediately stimulated the neuron. i) Would the action potential fail to occur or be different from usual? Briefly explain. ii) Would repolarization fail to occur or be different from usual? Explain briefly. iii) Would the cell’s ability to respond to a second stimulus be changed? Explain briefly.arrow_forwardWhere are neurotransmitter receptors located?(A) the nuclear membrane(B) the nodes of Ranvier(C) the postsynaptic membrane(D) synaptic vesicle membranesarrow_forwardA new drug is developed that prevents the demyelination occurring in the progress of multiple sclerosis. The drug protects the cells responsible for the synthesis and maintenance of myelin in the central nervous system. These cells are most likely which of the following? (A) Astrocyte (B) Ependymal cell (C) Microglial cell Oligodendrocyte (E) Schwann cellarrow_forward
- (a) What is myelin? (b) How does the myelination process differ in the CNS and PNS?arrow_forwardName this type of neuron.arrow_forwardMatch each type of membrane potential (resting, threshold, graded, or action) to its definition: a) The membrane potential at which voltage gated sodium channels open. b) The membrane potential that triggers the action potential. c) Change in membrane potential that may or may not reach threshold and that may be depolarizing or hyperpolarizing. d) Rapid, strong depolarization followed by immediate repolarization. This potential is self-renewing if the right ion channels are nearby.arrow_forward
- sometimes the terms neuron and nerve are mistakenly used interchangeably. explain the difference between the two structures.arrow_forwardDepolarization of a neuron plasma membrane will shift the membrane potential toward (a) 0 mV. (b) -70 mV. (c) -90 mV. (d) a, b, and c are correct.arrow_forwardWhen a neuron fires an action potential, closing of the voltage-gated Na+ channels helps to bring an end to _________. A) the depolarizing phase of the action potential B) the repolarizing phase of the action potential C) graded potential changes D) the resting potential E) vesicle fusion at the synapsearrow_forward
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