Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences (MindTap Course List)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337613316
Author: Frederick J Gravetter, Lori-Ann B. Forzano
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 9E
Describe how the third-variable problem and the directionality problem limit the interpretation of results from
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Describe the data for a correlational research study.Explain how these data are different from the data obtained in experimental and nonexperimental studies, which also evaluate relationships between two variables.
A survey is conducted to understand the relationship between income and job satisfaction, what is the dependent variable in this scenario?
discuss the limitation of correlation analysis.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 12.1 - Define the goal or purpose of the correlational...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 12.2 - Identify the statistical procedure used to...Ch. 12.3 - Describe how correlations are used for prediction,...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 5LOCh. 12 - In addition to the key words, you should also be...Ch. 12 - Explain how the purpose of a correctional study...Ch. 12 - Each of the following studies examines the...Ch. 12 - Describe the pattern that would appear in a...Ch. 12 - Suppose that there is a negative relationship...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What does the directionality problem concerning correlational study mean?arrow_forwardIs a linear model appropriate for the relationship between these two variables? Discuss the scatterplot, correlation coefficient and residual plot to answer this question.arrow_forwardIn general, what are some problems with using regression to measure causal effects?arrow_forward
- Suppose there is a significant correlation between two variables. Describe a case under which it might be inappropriate to use the linear regression equation for prediction.arrow_forwardA researcher would like to evaluate the claim that drinking large quantities of water can help prevent the common cold. One group of participants drinks 8 glasses of water every day, and a second group drinks 2 glasses of water every day. The researcher records the number of colds each individual experiences during the 4-month winter season. what is the independent variable? what research method is being used experimental or correlational?arrow_forwardIf the omitted variable is negatively correlated with the treatment and has a positive impact on the outcome, the true causal effect is bigger than the estimated effect. Blank 1: enter "True" or "False" Blank 2: explain briefly (1-3 lines).arrow_forward
- The same media consultants decided to continue their investigation of the focal relationship between income and TV viewing habits. In order to confirm the existence of the focal relationship, they decided to control for immigration status by adding a variable measuring the number of each survey respondent's grandparents who were born outside the U.S. The researchers wonder if immigration background could influence both income and TV watching (but they hope this is not true, because it could invalidate the focal relationship). The researchers conduct a multivariate regression by adding a measure of number of grandparents born outside the U.S. to the regression equation presented in Equation 1 of Table 1. The results of the second regression equation are presented in Equation 2 of Table 1. Table 1. OLS Regression Coefficients Representing Influence of Income and Control Variables on Number of Hours of TV Watched per Day Equation 1 Equation 2 Equation 3 Annual Income…arrow_forwardThe same media consultants decided to continue their investigation of the focal relationship between income and TV viewing habits. In order to confirm the existence of the focal relationship, they decided to control for immigration status by adding a variable measuring the number of each survey respondent's grandparents who were born outside the U.S. The researchers wonder if immigration background could influence both income and TV watching (but they hope this is not true, because it could invalidate the focal relationship). The researchers conduct a multivariate regression by adding a measure of number of grandparents born outside the U.S. to the regression equation presented in Equation 1 of Table 1. The results of the second regression equation are presented in Equation 2 of Table 1. ]]Table 1. OLS Regression Coefficients Representing Influence of Income and Control Variables on Number of Hours of TV Watched per Day Equation 1 Equation 2 Equation 3 Annual…arrow_forward5) A researcher finds that there is a positive correlation between number of hours a person sleeps the night before an exam (variable X) and their performance on the exam (variable Y). However, they are concerned that this relationship only exists because of conscientiousness (variable Z). Specifically, conscientious people tend to get more sleep and also tend to perform well on tests. Using the data below, please determine where there is a relationship between hours of sleep one gets the night before an exam and performance on the exam after accounting for the role of conscientiousness (alpha = .05, two-tailed). sleep exam grade conscientiousness 6 63 2 66 4 1 60 2.5 4 75 3.5 90 9. 88 4.5 10 92 6 a) What type statistical analysis should you perform? Please explain your rationale b) Please state the null and alternative hypotheses c) Please write out the results and make a decision d) Please make a general conclusion (no stat talk)arrow_forward
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