SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260172195
Author: VanPutte
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Question
Chapter 12, Problem 7RAC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Neurons constitute the brain and the nervous system. They receive and send signals that enable humans to move muscles, experience the outer world, think, and build up memories. Neurons are mainly of three types: sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1AYPCh. 12.1 - Name the meninges surrounding the spinal cord....Ch. 12.1 - What is the thecal sac? What two structures hold...Ch. 12.1 - Describe the arrangement of gray arid white matter...Ch. 12.1 - Where are the cell bodies of somatic motor and...Ch. 12.1 - What kinds of neurons are in the dorsal roots, in...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 12.2 - Describe the operation of a gamma motor neuron.Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 12.2 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 12.3 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 12.3 - What is a dermatome? Why are dermatomes clinically...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 12.3 - Describe the distribution of the ventral rami of...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 12.3 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 12.3 - Prob. 18AYPCh. 12.3 - Name the five major nerves that emerge from the...Ch. 12.3 - Name the four major nerves that arise from the...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 12.3 - Describe the structures innervated by the...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 23AYPCh. 12 - Prob. 1RACCh. 12 - The structure that anchors the inferior end of the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3RACCh. 12 - Given these components of a reflex arc: (1)...Ch. 12 - Prob. 5RACCh. 12 - Several of the events that occur between the time...Ch. 12 - Prob. 7RACCh. 12 - Prob. 8RACCh. 12 - Damage to the dorsal ramus of a spinal nerve...Ch. 12 - Prob. 10RACCh. 12 - A dermatome Is the area of skin supplied by a pair...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12RACCh. 12 - The skin on the posterior surface of the hand is...Ch. 12 - The scatic nerve is actually two nerves combined...Ch. 12 - Prob. 15RACCh. 12 - Describe how stimulation of a neuron that has its...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2CTCh. 12 - Prob. 3CTCh. 12 - Prob. 4CTCh. 12 - Prob. 5CTCh. 12 - Prob. 6CTCh. 12 - Prob. 7CT
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- True or false there are many nuclei at the end plate? True or false motor neurons stimulate muscle.arrow_forwardMuscle cells are stimulated by neurotransmitters released from the synaptic terminals of what structures? T tubules motor neuron axons. sensory neuron axons motor neuron dendrites. sensory neuron dendrites.arrow_forwardInterruption of spindle discharge from a muscle causes contraction of the muscle to become jerky and irregular due to :-a- increased activity of reverberating circuits causing fluctuation of the motor discharge to the muscleb- increased activity of inhibitory interneurons causing oscillating inhibition of the α-motor neurons of the musclec- irregular discharge of excitatory inputs to the α-motor neurons of the muscle d- post-tetanic potentiation of the α-motor neurons of the musclearrow_forward
- Interruption of γ-motor neuron discharge to a skeletal muscle produces :-a- contraction of the muscleb- contraction of the spindle fibersc- relaxation of the spindle fibersd- increased sensory discharge from the spindle fibersarrow_forwardA _______________ is a drug that causes temporary paralysis by blocking the transmis- sion of nerve stimuli to the muscles. neuromuscular blocker skeletal muscle relaxantarrow_forwardIn muscles, acetylcholine is released by the _________________________and opens specific channels that allow the ion ______ to depolarize the membrane. motor neuron, sodium motor neuron, potassium muscle fibril, sodium muscle fibril, potassiumarrow_forward
- The region where a motor nerve fiber meets a skeletal muscle fiber is called a/an _____.arrow_forwardOrder the steps of the neuromuscular junction transmission using the following images. Then, usethe to describe what is happening in the step. Neuromuscular Junction Transmission - Contraction 1. Action potential travels from motor neuron cell body along the myelinated axon to neuromuscular junction. 2. Acetylcholine (ACh) is released from axon (neuron), crosses synapse (space between axon and sarcolemma).ACh binds to ACh receptors (channel) in sarcolemma. 3.ACh channels open. Ions (like sodium, Na+) flow into sarcolemma.Action potential spreads in sarcolemma and into transverse tubules. 4. Action potential causes the release of calcium (Ca2+) from sarcoplasmic reticulum into sarcoplasm 5.Ca2+ goes to the troponin, which moves the tropomyosin away from actin 6. Myosin head breaks down ATP, causing the sliding filament mechanism to shorten sarcomereMuscle contractsarrow_forwardBoth the withdrawal reflex and the Golgi tendon reflex involve sensory signals that ultimately control the same type ofmotor neurons and both are protective. Explain how one reflex can cause muscle contraction while the other causes musclerelaxation.arrow_forward
- Describe a muscle spindle and its function considering the following items. Use all terms in paragraph form to describe: - Extrafusal fibers - Intrafusal fibers - Alpha motor neurons - Gamma motor neurons - Capsule - Contraction - Afferent nerve fiber - Somatic reflex (as in the patellar reflex)arrow_forwardThe central ends of afferents from muscle spindles synapse with all the following types of neurons, except :-a- α-motor neurons of the same muscleb- γ-motor neurons of the same musclec- local interneuronsd- 2nd order neurons of ascending sensory pathwaysarrow_forwardThe motor end plate is extensively folded to allow for greater number of what structure? Terminal cisternae Transverse tubules Cholinergic receptors Myofibrilsarrow_forward
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