Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 5TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The ear is structured to provide a clear pathway for auditory stimuli to be captured and processed. It is important to distinguish between the components focused on capturing the stimulus, and components focused on processing them. One way to do that is to understand the order in which the ear parts are arranged.
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Which one of these correctly describes the location of the spiral organ?
a. between the tympanic membrane and the oval window in theinner ear
b. in the utricle and saccule within the vestibule
c. between the tectorial membrane and the basilar membrane in thecochlear canal
d. between the nasal cavities and the throat
e. between the outer and inner ear within the semicircular canals
which statements are true about the Auditory Structures and Functions
a. The external ear consists of the auricle and external acoustic meatus.
b. The middle ear connects the external and inner ears. The tympanic membrane is stretched across the external acoustic meatus.
c. The malleus, incus, and stapes connect the tympanic membrane to the oval window of the outer ear.
d. The auditory tube connects the middle ear to the pharynx and functions to equalize pressure.
which statements are true about the Auditory Structures and their Functions
a. The middle ear is connected to the mastoid air cells.
b. The inner ear has three parts: the semicircular canals; the vestibule, which contains the utricle and the saccule; and the cochlea.
c. The cochlea is a circular-shaped canal within the temporal bone.
d. The cochlea is divided into two compartments by the vestibular and basilar membranes. The scala vestibuli and scala tympani contain perilymph. The cochlear duct contains endolymph and the spiral organ (organ of Corti).
Chapter 12 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1QCCh. 12 -
2. Should the use of all hand-held devices,...Ch. 12 - Do you approve of the law in five states that a...Ch. 12 -
1. List the five classifications of receptors in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2CRCh. 12 -
3. Describe what information the somatic...Ch. 12 - Name the five special senses.Ch. 12 - Compare and contrast fast pain, slow pain, and...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6CRCh. 12 - Prob. 7CR
Ch. 12 - Prob. 8CRCh. 12 - Prob. 9CRCh. 12 - Prob. 10CRCh. 12 - What do the receptors in the skin for light touch...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2TYCh. 12 - Prob. 3TYCh. 12 - Receptor adaptation results when: a. sensory...Ch. 12 - Prob. 5TYCh. 12 - Different pitched sounds will result in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 7TYCh. 12 - Prob. 8TYCh. 12 - Prob. 9TYCh. 12 - Prob. 10TYCh. 12 - Prob. 11TYCh. 12 - Prob. 12TYCh. 12 - Prob. 13TYCh. 12 - Prob. 14TYCh. 12 - Which of the following can be corrected with...Ch. 12 - With the eyes closed, would an astronaut in outer...Ch. 12 - Why do you suppose that you are not normally aware...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 12 - Prob. 4AWKCh. 12 - Prob. 5AWKCh. 12 - Prob. 6AWKCh. 12 - Prob. 7AWK
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- Figure 36.14 Cochlear implants can restore hearing in people who have a nonfunctional cochlea The implant consists of a microphone that picks up sound. A speech processor selects sounds in the range of human speech, and a transmitter converts these sounds to electrical impulses, which are then sent to the auditory nerve. Which of the following types of hearing loss would not be restored by a cochlear implant? Hearing loss resulting from absence or loss of hair cells in the organ of Corti. Hearing loss resulting from an abnormal auditory nerve. Hearing loss resulting from fracture of the cochlea. Hearing loss resulting from damage to bones of the middle ear.arrow_forwardMatch each of the following terms with the appropriate description. _____ somatic senses (general senses)a.produced by strong stimulation _____ special sensesb.endings of sensory neurons or specialized cells next to them _____ variations in stimulus intensity _____ action potentialc.taste, smell, hearing, balance, and vision _____ sensory receptord.frequency and number of action potentials e.touch, pressure, temperature, pain, and muscle sensearrow_forwardwhich statements is false about the Auditory Structures and their Functions a. The middle ear is connected to the mastoid air cells. b. The inner ear has three parts: the semicircular canals; the vestibule, which contains the utricle and the saccule; and the cochlea. c. The cochlea is a circular-shaped canal within the temporal bone. d. The cochlea is divided into two compartments by the vestibular and basilar membranes. The scala vestibuli and scala tympani contain perilymph. The cochlear duct contains endolymph and the spiral organ (organ of Corti).arrow_forward
- Choose the structure that applies to each statement. More than one structure may apply to a statement, and a structure may be used more than once. a. auditory tube h. malleus b. auricle i. middle ear c. external auditory canal j. oval window d. external ear k. stapes e. helix l. tympanic membrane f. incus g. lobule 1. auditory ossicle attached to tympanic membrane 2. equalizes air pressure in middle ear with external air pressure 3. external ear structures 4. ear drum 5. external feature of ear that contains the helix and lobule 6. stapes is attached to this membrane-covered opening 7. middle auditory ossicle 8. small bones of middle ear that are connected by synovial jointsarrow_forwardMark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement. a. The incus is connected to the tympanic membrane. b. The stapes is attached to the oval window. c. The auditory canal is separated from the middle ear by the round window. d. The cochlear duct is filled with perilymph. e. The semicircular ducts are connected to the utricle, and the cochlear duct is continuous with the saccule. f. The spiral organ is located in the scala tympani.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are correct? Which one or more? a. Sensorineural hearing impairment: sharp increase in thresholds for higher frequencies no air-bone gap; conductive hearing impairment: flat graph, with air-bone gap. b. Sensorineural hearing impairment: sharp increase in thresholds for higher frequencies; conductive hearing impairment: flat graph, no air-bone gap. c. Sensorineural hearing impairment: flat graph with no air-bone gap; conductive hearing impairment: sharp increase in thresholds for higher frequencies, air-bone gap. d. Sensorineural hearing impairment: sharp increase in thresholds for higher frequencies, no air-bone gap; conductive hearing impairment: sharp increase in thresholds for higher frequencies with air-bone gap.arrow_forward
- a) Consider a patient who has been exposed to an ototoxic drug that has caused the death of the outer hair cells in the cochlea but has left the inner hair cells unaffected. What sort of hearing loss is the person likely to experience and what sort of hearing device could assist them? Explain the reasons for your answer based upon how the inner ear functions. b) Consider a person who has a partial loss of myelin in their auditory nerve. What effect would the loss of myelin have upon the ability of this person to perceive speech and would either a hearing aid or cochlear implant provide any benefit to their hearing ability? Explain the reasons for your answer based upon how the inner ear and auditory pathway function. I c) Explain the difference in information that can be provided by a cochlear implant consisting of a single electrode compared to a cochlear implant with many electrodes. What type of neural code is provided in each case? What type of musical sounds could be well…arrow_forwardHow do we localize where sound is coming from and which structures are responsible? Select all that apply: a. The auditory nerve communicates with the vestibular nuclei to process information about the body's location b. Medial geniculate nucleus processes visual stimuli to locate visual cues associated with the sound c. The hair cells simultaneously process information about frequency as well as the location the sound originated in d. Lateral superior olives respond to differences in the amplitude of sound waves from each ear e. Medial superior olives respond to differences in the time it takes sound to arrive in each eararrow_forwardwhich statements are true about the Auditory Function a. Sound waves are funneled by the auricle down the external acoustic meatus, causing the tympanic membrane to vibrate. b. The tympanic membrane vibrations are passed along the auditory ossicles to the oval window of the inner ear. c. Movement of the stapes in the oval window causes the perilymph, vestibular membrane, and endolymph to vibrate, producing movement of the basilar membrane. d.Movement of the basilar membrane causes bending of the stereocilia of inner hair cells in the spiral organ.arrow_forward
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