College Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168000
Author: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 12, Problem 41PE
A layer of oil 1.50 mm thick is placed between two microscope slides. Researchers find that a force of
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Chapter 12 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 12 - What is the difference between flow rate and fluid...Ch. 12 - Many figures in the text show streamlines. Explain...Ch. 12 - Identify some substances that are incompressible...Ch. 12 - You can squirt water a considerably greater...Ch. 12 - Water is shot nearly vertically upward in a...Ch. 12 - Look back to Figure 12.4. Answer the following two...Ch. 12 - Give an example of entrainment not mentioned in...Ch. 12 - Many entrainment devices have a constriction,...Ch. 12 - Some chimney pipes have a T-shape, with a...Ch. 12 - Is there a limit to the height to which an...
Ch. 12 - Why is it preferable for airplanes to take off...Ch. 12 - Roofs are sometimes pushed off vertically during a...Ch. 12 - Why does a sailboat need a keel?Ch. 12 - It is dangerous to stand close to railroad tracks...Ch. 12 - Water pressure inside a hose nozzle can be less...Ch. 12 - A perfume bottle or atomizer sprays a fluid that...Ch. 12 - If you lower the window on a car while moving, an...Ch. 12 - Based on Bernoulli's equation, what are three...Ch. 12 - Water that has emerged from a hose into the...Ch. 12 - The old rubber boot shown in Figure 12.26 has two...Ch. 12 - Water pressure inside a hose nozzle can be less...Ch. 12 - Explain why the viscosity of a liquid decreases...Ch. 12 - When paddling a canoe upstream, it is wisest to...Ch. 12 - Why does flow decrease in your shower when someone...Ch. 12 - Plumbing usually includes air-filled tubes near...Ch. 12 - Doppler ultrasound can be used to the speed of...Ch. 12 - Sink drains often have a device such as that shown...Ch. 12 - Some ceiling fans have decorative wicker reeds on...Ch. 12 - What direction will a helium balloon move inside a...Ch. 12 - Will identical raindrops fall more rapidly in 5° C...Ch. 12 - If you took two marbles of different sizes, what...Ch. 12 - Why would you expect the rate of diffusion to...Ch. 12 - How are osmosis and dialysis similar? How do they...Ch. 12 - What is the average flow rate in cm3/S of gasoline...Ch. 12 - The heart of a resting adult pumps blood at a rate...Ch. 12 - Blood is pumped from the heart at a rate of 5.0...Ch. 12 - Blood is flowing through an artery of radius 2 mm...Ch. 12 - The Huka Falls on the Waikato River is one of New...Ch. 12 - A major artery with a cross-sectional area of 1.00...Ch. 12 - (a) As blood passes through the capillary bed in...Ch. 12 - The human circulation system has approximately...Ch. 12 - (a) Estimate the time it would take to fill a...Ch. 12 - The flow rate of blood through 2.00106 -m-radius...Ch. 12 - (a) What is the fluid speed in a fire hose with a...Ch. 12 - The main uptake air duct of a forced air gas...Ch. 12 - Water is moving at a velocity of 2.00 m/s through...Ch. 12 - Prove that the speed of an incompressible fluid...Ch. 12 - Water emerges straight down from a faucet with a...Ch. 12 - Unreasonable Results A mountain stream is 10.0 m...Ch. 12 - Verify that pressure has units of energy per unit...Ch. 12 - Suppose you have a wind speed gauge like the pitot...Ch. 12 - If the pressure reading of your pitot tube is 15.0...Ch. 12 - Calculate the maximum height to which water could...Ch. 12 - Every few years, winds in Boulder, Colorado,...Ch. 12 - (a) Calculate the approximate force on a square...Ch. 12 - (a) What is the pressure drop due to the Bernoulli...Ch. 12 - (a) Using Bernoulli's equation, show that the...Ch. 12 - Hoover Dam on the Colorado River is the highest...Ch. 12 - A frequently quoted rule of thumb in aircraft...Ch. 12 - The left ventricle of a resting adult's heart...Ch. 12 - A sump pump (used to drain water from the basement...Ch. 12 - (a) Calculate the retarding force due to the...Ch. 12 - What force is needed to pull one microscope slide...Ch. 12 - A glucose solution being administered with an IV...Ch. 12 - The pressure drop along a length of artery is 100...Ch. 12 - A small artery has a length of 1.1103 m and a...Ch. 12 - Fluid originally flows through a tube at a rate of...Ch. 12 - The arterioles (small arteries) leading to an...Ch. 12 - Angioplasty is a technique in which arteries...Ch. 12 - (a) Suppose a blood vessel's radius is decreased...Ch. 12 - A spherical particle falling at a terminal speed...Ch. 12 - Using the equation of the previous problem, find...Ch. 12 - A skydiver will reach a terminal velocity when the...Ch. 12 - A layer of oil 1.50 mm thick is placed between two...Ch. 12 - (a) Verify that a 19.0% decrease in laminar flow...Ch. 12 - Example 12.8 dealt with the flow of saline...Ch. 12 - When physicians diagnose arterial blockages, they...Ch. 12 - During a marathon race, a runner's blood flow...Ch. 12 - Water supplied to a house by a water main has a...Ch. 12 - An oil gusher shoots crude oil 25.0 m into the air...Ch. 12 - Concrete is pumped from a cement mixer to the...Ch. 12 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a coronary...Ch. 12 - Consider a river that spreads out in a delta...Ch. 12 - Verify that the flow of oil is laminar (barely)...Ch. 12 - Show that the Reynolds number NRis unitless by...Ch. 12 - Calculate the Reynolds numbers for the flow of...Ch. 12 - A fire hose has an inside diameter of 6.40 cm....Ch. 12 - Concrete is pumped from a cement mixer to the...Ch. 12 - At what flow rate might turbulence begin to...Ch. 12 - What is the greatest average speed of blood flow...Ch. 12 - In Take-Home Experiment: Inhalation, we measured...Ch. 12 - Gasoline is piped underground from refineries to...Ch. 12 - Assuming that blood is an ideal fluid, calculate...Ch. 12 - Unreasonable Results A fairly large garden hose...Ch. 12 - You can smell perfume very shortly after opening...Ch. 12 - What is the ratio of the average distances that...Ch. 12 - Oxygen reaches the veinless cornea of the eye by...Ch. 12 - (a) Find the average time required for an oxygen...Ch. 12 - Suppose hydrogen and oxygen are diffusing through...
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- A 10.0-kg block of metal measuring 12.0 cm by 10.0 cm by 10.0 cm is suspended from a scale and immersed in water as shown in Figure P15.24b. The 12.0-cm dimension is vertical, and the top of the block is 5.00 cm below the surface of the water. (a) What are the magnitudes of the forces acting on the top and on the bottom of the block due to the surrounding water? (b) What is the reading of the spring scale? (c) Show that the buoyant force equals the difference between the forces at the top and bottom of the block.arrow_forwardA spherical submersible 2.00 m in radius, armed with multiple cameras, descends under water in a region of the Atlantic Ocean known for shipwrecks and finds its first shipwreck at a depth of 1.75 103 m. Seawater has density 1.03 103 kg/m3, and the air pressure at the oceans surface is 1.013 105 Pa. a. What is the absolute pressure at the depth of the shipwreck? b. What is the buoyant force on the submersible at the depth of the shipwreck?arrow_forward(a) What is the density of a woman who floats in freshwater with 4.00% of her volume above the surface? This could be measured by placing her in a tank with marks on the side to measure how much water she displaces when floating and when held under water (briefly). (b) What percent of her volume is above the surface when she floats in seawater?arrow_forward
- A fluid flows through a horizontal pipe that widens, making a 45 angle with the y axis (Fig. P15.48). The thin part of the pipe has radius R, and the fluids speed in the thin part of the pipe is v0. The origin of the coordinate system is at the point where the pipe begins to widen. The pipes cross section is circular. a. Find an expression for the speed v(x) of the fluid as a function of position for x 0 b. Plot your result: v(x) versus x. FIGURE P15.48 (a) The continuity equation (Eq. 15.21) relates the cross-sectional area to the speed of the fluid traveling through the pipe. A0v0 = A(x)v(x) v(x)=A0v0A(x) The cross sectional area is the area of a circle whose radius is y(x). The widening pan of the pipe is a straight line with slope of 1 and intercept y(0) = R. y(x) = mx + b = x + R A(x) = [y(x)]2 = (x + R)2 Plug this into the formula for the velocity. Plug this into the formula for the velocity. v(x)=A0v0(x+R)2arrow_forward(a) How high will water rise in a glass capillary tube with a 0.500-mm radius? (b) How much gravitational potential energy does the water gain? (c) Discuss possible sources of this energy.arrow_forwardMercury is poured into a U-tube as shown in Figure P15.17a. The left arm of the tube has cross-sectional area A1 of 10.0 cm2, and the right arm has a cross-sectional area A2 of 5.00 cm2. One hundred grams of water are then poured into the right arm as shown in Figure P15.17b. (a) Determine the length of the water column in the right arm of the U-tube. (b) Given that the density of mercury is 13.6 g/cm3, what distance h does the mercury rise in the left arm?arrow_forward
- A 62.0-kg survivor of a cruise line disaster rests atop a block of Styrofoam insulation, using it as a raft. The Styrofoam has dimensions 2.00 m 2.00 m 0.090 0 m. The bottom 0.024 m of the raft is submerged. (a) Draw a force diagram of the system consisting of the survivor and raft. (b) Write Newtons second law for the system in one dimension, using B for buoyancy, w for the weight of the survivor, and wr for the weight of the raft. (Set a = 0.) (c) Calculate the numeric value for the buoyancy, B. (Seawater has density 1 025 kg/m3.) (d) Using the value of B and the weight w of the survivor, calculate the weight w, of the Styrofoam. (e) What is the density of the Styrofoam? (f) What is the maximum buoyant, force, corresponding to the raft being submerged up to its top surface? (g) What total mass of survivors can the raft support?arrow_forwardA 50.0-kg woman wearing high-heeled shoes is invited into a home in which the kitchen has vinyl floor covering. The heel on each shoe is circular and has a radius of 0.500 cm. (a) If the woman balances on one heel, what pressure does she exert on the floor? (b) Should the homeowner be concerned? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardA hollow copper (Cu = 8.92 103 kg/m3) spherical shell of mass m = 0.950 kg floats on water with its entire volume below the surface. a. What is the radius of the sphere? b. What is the thickness of the shell wall?arrow_forward
- A uniform wooden board of length L and mass M is hinged at the top of a vertical wall of a container partially filled with a certain liquid (Fig. P15.81). (If there were no liquid in the container, the board would hang straight down.) Three-fifths of the length of the board is submerged in the liquid when the board is in equilibrium. Find the ratio of the densities of the liquid and the board.arrow_forwardA U-tube open at both ends is partially filled with water (Fig. P15.67a). Oil having a density 750 kg/m3 is then poured into the right arm and forms a column L = 5.00 cm high (Fig. P15.67b). (a) Determine the difference h in the heights of the two liquid surfaces. (b) The right arm is then shielded from any air motion while air is blown across the top of the left arm until the surfaces of the two liquids are at the same height (Fig. P15.67c). Determine the speed of the air being blown across the left arm. Take the density of air as constant at 1.20 kg/m3.arrow_forwardReview. In a water pistol, a piston drives water through a large tube of area A1 into a smaller tube of area A2 as shown in Figure P14.46. The radius of the large tube is 1.00 cm and that of the small tube is 1.00 mm. The smaller tube is 3.00 cm above the larger tube. (a) If the pistol is fired horizontally at a height of 1.50 m, determine the time interval required for the water to travel from the nozzle to the ground. Neglect air resistance and assume atmospheric pressure is 1.00 atm. (b) If the desired range of the stream is 8.00 m, with what speed v2 must the stream leave the nozzle? (c) At what speed v1 must the plunger be moved to achieve the desired range? (d) What is the pressure at the nozzle? (e) Find the pressure needed in the larger tube. (f) Calculate the force that must be exerted on the trigger to achieve the desired range. (The force that must be exerted is due to pressure over and above atmospheric pressure.) Figure P14.46arrow_forward
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Fluids in Motion: Crash Course Physics #15; Author: Crash Course;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJefjG3xhW0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY