Anatomy and Physiology by OpenStax
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781506698021
Author: J. Gordon Betts;Dean H. Kruse;Kelly A. Young;Peter DeSaix;Brandon Poe;Oksana Korol;James A. Wise;Eddie Johnson;Jody E. Johnson;Mark Womble
Publisher: XANEDU PUBLISHING
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 31RQ
What neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction?
- norepinephrine
- serotonin
- dopamine
- acetylcholine
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Synaptic terminal
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neurotransmitter
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Synaptic cleft
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Has the same structure as a somatic motor neuroeffector junction
Uses only acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter
Releases neurotransmitter from varicosities
Does not require calcium for the release of the neurotransmitter
If depolarization occurs at the neuromuscular junction and threshold is met, then
voltage-gated calcium channels in the axon terminal will open.
voltage-gated acetylcholine receptors will open.
acetylcholine receptors will open and close.
ligand-gated channels will open nearby.
voltage-gated sodium and voltage-gated potassium channels will open nearby.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Anatomy and Physiology by OpenStax
Ch. 12 - In 2003, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine...Ch. 12 - Visit this site...Ch. 12 - Visit this site...Ch. 12 - View the University of Michigan Webscope...Ch. 12 - What happens across the membrane of an...Ch. 12 - Visit this site...Ch. 12 - Watch this video...Ch. 12 - Watch this video...Ch. 12 - Which of the following cavities contains a...Ch. 12 - Which structure predominates in the white matter...
Ch. 12 - Which part of a neuron transmits an electrical...Ch. 12 - Which term describes a bundle of axons in the...Ch. 12 - Which functional division of the nervous system...Ch. 12 - What type of glial cell provides myelin for the...Ch. 12 - Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus?...Ch. 12 - Which of the following substances is least able to...Ch. 12 - What type of glial cell is the resident macrophage...Ch. 12 - What two types of macromolecules are the main...Ch. 12 - If a thermoreceptor is sensitive to temperature...Ch. 12 - Which of these locations is where the greatest...Ch. 12 - How long does all the signaling through the...Ch. 12 - What is the target of an upper motor neuron?...Ch. 12 - What ion enters a neuron causing depolarization of...Ch. 12 - Voltage-gated Na+ channels open upon leaching what...Ch. 12 - What does a ligand-gated channel require in order...Ch. 12 - What does a mechanically gated channel respond to?...Ch. 12 - Which of the following voltages would most likely...Ch. 12 - Which of the following is probably going to...Ch. 12 - How much of a change in the membrane potential is...Ch. 12 - A channel opens on a postsynaptic membrane that...Ch. 12 - What neurotransmitter is released at the...Ch. 12 - What type of receptor requires an effector protein...Ch. 12 - Which of the following neurotransmitters is...Ch. 12 - What responses are generated by the nervous system...Ch. 12 - When eating food, what anatomical and functional...Ch. 12 - Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease...Ch. 12 - Which type of neuron, based on its shape, is best...Ch. 12 - Sensory fibers, or pathways, are referred to as...Ch. 12 - If a person has a motor disorder and cannot move...Ch. 12 - What does it mean for an action potential to be an...Ch. 12 - The conscious perception of pain is often delayed...Ch. 12 - If a postsynaptic cell has synapses from five...Ch. 12 - Why is the receptor the important element...
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- A drug belonging to the class of monoamine oxidase inhibitors has the following function: Group of answer options Increases the permeability of calcium Increases the breakdown of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft Increases the level of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft Increases the level of norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft Increases the breakdown of norepinephrine in the synaptic cleftarrow_forwardSynaptic terminal Neurotransmitter Vesicle Calcium channel Receptor for neurotransmitter Synaptic cleft SENDING NEURON RECEIVING NEURON 000arrow_forwardClassify the following neurotransmitters as excitatory or inhibitory: Acetylcholine Serotonin GABA Norepinephrine Glutamate Dopaminearrow_forward
- Neurotransmitters, the chemicals used in signaling across synapses, can be either re-absorbed by the pre-synaptic neuron OR hydrolyzed after release by enzymes. Acetylcholine (ACh), the neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junctions, is broken down by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and then its component parts are re-absorbed. Sarin gas is an extremely dangerous neurotoxin that has been utilized in terrorism and chemical warfare. It is known as a "nerve gas" because it blocks AChE. Based on your understanding of the neuromuscular junction and hydrolitic enzymes, hypothesize how sarin gas le ads to paralysis and nerve damage in the people to whom it is exposed.arrow_forwardA _______________ is a drug that causes temporary paralysis by blocking the transmis- sion of nerve stimuli to the muscles. neuromuscular blocker skeletal muscle relaxantarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about action potentials and information transmission in the synaptic cleft is FALSE? 1. Action potentials determine the amount of neurotransmitters that are released into the synaptic cleft 2.Action potentials ultimately result in more calcium leaving the target cell at the postsynaptic membrane 3. Action potentials determine the duration that neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft 4. Action potentials ultimately result in more calcium entering the neuron at the axon terminalarrow_forward
- Which very specific synapse will produce the fastest propagation of an action potential? axosomatic synapse spine synapse axodendritic synapse spinosomatic shaft synapsearrow_forwardwhich way does the neurotransmitter NO movearrow_forwardSunhil suffers from a stroke and loses the ability to move his right arm and hand. However, after physical therapy, he regains the ability to move his right arm and hand. This demonstrates the concept of: O Molding O Neuropathy Neuroplasticity Action potentialarrow_forward
- F G A E ||| Сarrow_forwardIdentify the excitatory neurotransmitter which opens sodium ion channels. gamma amino butyric acid acetylcholine tubocurarine strychnine glycinearrow_forwardWhich of the following pairs of terms is correctly matched? Voltage-gated calcium channels : presynaptic cell membrane EPP : action potential Acetylcholinesterase : presynaptic cell membrane Achetylcholine exocytosis : motor end platearrow_forward
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