Inquiry into Physics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781337515863
Author: Ostdiek
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 12, Problem 26Q
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In what ways the antiparticle of neutron is same and different from the neutron?
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(a) Viewers of Star Trek hear of an antimatter drive on the Starship Enterprise. One possibility for such a futuristic energy source is to store antimatter charged particles in a vacuum chamber, circulating in a magnetic field, and then extract them as needed. Antimatter annihilates with normal matter, producing pure energy. What strength magnetic field is needed to hold antiprotons, moving at 5.00 ×107 m/s in a circular path 2.00 m in radius? Antiprotons have the same mass as protons but the opposite (negative) charge.
(b) Is this field strength obtainable with today’s technology or is it a futuristic possibility?
I am specifically having difficulty in solving part d of this problem.
a) Calculate the number of grams of deuterium in a 54,300 L swimming pool, given deuterium is 0.0150% of natural hydrogen.
(b)
Find the energy released in joules if this deuterium is fused via the reaction 2H + 2H → 3He + n.
(c)
Could the neutrons be used to release more energy?
(d)
Discuss the amount of this type of energy in a swimming pool as compared to that in, say, a gallon of gasoline, also taking into consideration that water is far more abundant. (Enter the ratio of the energy in the deuterium in the pool to the energy in a gallon of gasoline. The energy in a gallon of gasoline is 1.2 ✕ 108 J.)
Edeuterium
Egasoline
=
Integrated ConceptsSuppose you are designing a proton decay experiment and you can detect 50 percent of the proton decays in a tank of water. How many kilograms of water would you need to see one decay per month, assuming a lifetime of 1031 y ?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Inquiry into Physics
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1AACh. 12 - Prob. 2AACh. 12 - Prob. 1PIPCh. 12 - Prob. 1MIOCh. 12 - Prob. 2MIOCh. 12 - Prob. 1QCh. 12 - Prob. 2QCh. 12 - Prob. 3QCh. 12 - Prob. 4QCh. 12 - Prob. 5Q
Ch. 12 - Prob. 6QCh. 12 - Prob. 7QCh. 12 - Prob. 8QCh. 12 - Prob. 9QCh. 12 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 12 - Prob. 11QCh. 12 - Prob. 12QCh. 12 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 12 - Prob. 14QCh. 12 - Prob. 15QCh. 12 - Prob. 16QCh. 12 - Prob. 17QCh. 12 - Prob. 18QCh. 12 - Prob. 19QCh. 12 - Prob. 20QCh. 12 - Prob. 21QCh. 12 - Prob. 22QCh. 12 - Prob. 23QCh. 12 - Prob. 24QCh. 12 - Prob. 25QCh. 12 - Prob. 26QCh. 12 - Prob. 27QCh. 12 - Prob. 28QCh. 12 - Prob. 29QCh. 12 - Prob. 30QCh. 12 - Prob. 31QCh. 12 - Prob. 32QCh. 12 - Prob. 33QCh. 12 - Prob. 34QCh. 12 - Prob. 35QCh. 12 - Prob. 36QCh. 12 - Prob. 37QCh. 12 - Prob. 38QCh. 12 - Prob. 39QCh. 12 - Prob. 40QCh. 12 - Prob. 41QCh. 12 - Prob. 42QCh. 12 - Prob. 43QCh. 12 - Prob. 44QCh. 12 - Prob. 1PCh. 12 - How fast would a muon have to be traveling...Ch. 12 - The lifetime of a free neutron is 886 s. If a...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4PCh. 12 - The formula for length contraction gives the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6PCh. 12 - Prob. 7PCh. 12 - Prob. 8PCh. 12 - Prob. 9PCh. 12 - . In a particular beam of protons, each particle...Ch. 12 - . A particle of rest energy 140 MeV moves at a...Ch. 12 - . If the relativistic kinetic energy of a particle...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13PCh. 12 - Prob. 14PCh. 12 - Prob. 15PCh. 12 - . How many years would you have to wait to observe...Ch. 12 - Prob. 17PCh. 12 - Prob. 18PCh. 12 - . A compact neutron star has a mass of kg (about...Ch. 12 - Prob. 20PCh. 12 - Prob. 21PCh. 12 - Prob. 22PCh. 12 - Prob. 23PCh. 12 - Prob. 24PCh. 12 - Prob. 25PCh. 12 - Prob. 26PCh. 12 - Prob. 27PCh. 12 - Prob. 28PCh. 12 - Prob. 29PCh. 12 - Prob. 30PCh. 12 - Prob. 31PCh. 12 - . If the average lifetime of a proton was 1033...Ch. 12 - Prob. 1CCh. 12 - Prob. 2CCh. 12 - Prob. 3CCh. 12 - Prob. 4CCh. 12 - Prob. 5CCh. 12 - Prob. 6CCh. 12 - Prob. 7CCh. 12 - Prob. 8CCh. 12 - Prob. 9CCh. 12 - Prob. 10C
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- More than 60 years ago, future Nobel laureate Sheldon Glashow predicted that if an antineutrino — the antimatter answer to the nearly massless neutrino — collided with an electron, it could produce a cascade of other particles. The "Glashow resonance (Links to an external site.)" phenomenon is hard to detect, in large part because the antineutrino needs about 1,000 times more energy than what's produced in the most powerful colliders on Earth. Let's compare this event to an ordinary baseball with a mass of 146 g. Please use three significant figures in your calculations. 1. Now consider a baseball with the same kinetic energy as that of the Glashow resonance. What speed in m/s would correspond to this energy? 2.arrow_forwardEstimate the probability that nuclear reactor-produced electronic antineutrino has an interaction with a proton when traversing the earth. Cross section for antineutrino interacting with a proton is 10 43 cm2, mean earth radius is 6.37x108 cm, and mean mass density of the Earth is 5.52 g/cm. Use 10 decimal places for the answer. Hint: Approximate Earth as iron. Your Answer: Answerarrow_forwardUnreasonable ResultsA frazzled theoretical physicist reckons that all conservation laws are obeyed in the decay of a proton into a neutron, positron, and neutrino (as in β+ decay of a nucleus) and sends a paper to a journal to announce the reaction as a possible end of the universe due to the spontaneous decay of protons. (a) What energy is released in this decay? (b) What is unreasonable aboutthis result? (c) What assumption is responsible?arrow_forward
- (a) What is the uncertainty in the energy released in the decay of a due to its short lifetime? (b) Is the uncertainty in 1his energy greater than or lees than the uncertainty in the mass of the tau neutrino? Discuss the source of the uncertainty.arrow_forwardThe explosive energy of a ton of TNT is 4.184*109 Joules, according to Google. A megaton of TNT is a million times that. According to Wikipedia, the Tsar Bomba (Links to an external site.) was the most powerful thermonuclear weapon ever exploded, at 50 megatons of TNT. (For comparison, the explosive energy of WWII nuclear bombs was about 20 kilotons.) Suppose one kg of antimatter came into contact with matter. How would the explosive energy compare with the explosive energy of the Tsar Bomba? (c = 3 * 108 m/s) Group of answer choices 1.There is no way to compare the two. 2.The kg of antimatter would produce at least a hundred times more energy. 3.The Tsar Bomba produced at least a hundred times more energy than the kg of antimatter. 4. They would be approximately the same.arrow_forwardQuestion: If the entire 450 kg antimatter fuel supply of the Enterprise combines with the same amount of matter and is complete converted into energy, how much energy is then released? How does this compare to the U.S. yearly energy use, which is roughly 1.0 * 1020J?1 Give your answer as a percentage and give both answers in two significant figures (link). Remember E = m * c with c = 2.998 * 10° m/s 1Young, H.. and Freedman, R. (2015) University Physics with Modern Physics. Pearson. Solution: Released energy: Percentage:arrow_forward
- Q.3 (a): Discuss completely the construction, working and theory of a GM counter. Explain the various portions of the characteristic curve. Page 1 of 1arrow_forwardThe explosive energy of a ton of TNT is 4.184*10° Joules, according to Google. A megaton of TNT is a million times that. According to Wikipedia, the Isar Bombae was the most powerful thermonuclear weapon ever exploded, at 50 megatons of TNT. (For comparison, the explosive energy of WWII nuclear bombs was about 20 kilotons.) Suppose one kg of antimatter came into contact with matter. How would the explosive energy compare with the explosive energy of the Tsar Bomba? (c = 3* 10° m/s) There is no way to compare the two. The Tsar Bomba produced at least a hundred times more energy than the kg of antimatter. The kg of antimatter would produce at least a hundred times more energy. They would be approximately the same.arrow_forwardQ.3 (a): Discuss completely the construction, working and theory of a GM counter. Explain the various portions of the characteristic curve.arrow_forward
- How many particles are present in a closed container if the energy it contains is 97940.99J, and the diatomic oxygen gas is moving at a velocity of 58.55m/s? Use only the whole number for the value of atomic mass unit. Express your answer in proper scientific notation. USE GRESA AND 9.81 m/s squared for the gravity. Two decimals onlyarrow_forwardThe quark compositions of the proton and neutron are, respectively, uud and udd, where u is an up quark (charge + 2/3 e) and d is a down quark (charge - 1/3 e). There are also antiup u (charge - 2/3 e) and antidown d (charge + 1/3 e) quarks. The combination of a quark and an antiquark is called a meson. The mesons known as pions have the composition π+ = ud- and π- = u-d. Suppose a proton collides with an antineutron. During such collisions, the various quarks and antiquarks annihilate whenever possible. When the remaining quarks combine to form a single particle, it is aA. Proton B. Neutron C. π+ D. π-arrow_forwardExplain with reasons and showing working whether the following reactions and decays would be possible. For those that are possible state with reasons which of the fundamental forces is responsible. et +er+ + V₂ + µ¯¯ + ¯ μ B+ →+K+ ++ + ¯ p+nt →Σ+ + K+ [Quark structures are Bub, : cc, K+: us, E+ : uus] Write down a reaction that would provide a clean method of measuring the struc- ture of the neutron. Explain your answer. Sketch on separate graphs the d and d quark distributions of the neutron as a function of x, the fraction of the neutron's momentum carried by the struck quark. Include in each graph a comparison with the d and d quark distributions of the proton.arrow_forward
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