Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134395326
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Suzanne M. Keller
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 17SAE
Besides acting as mechanical barriers, the skin and mucosae of the body contribute to body protection in other ways. Cite the common body locations and the importance of mucus, lysozyme, keratin, acid pH, and cilia.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (12th Edition)
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1MCCh. 12 - Prob. 2MCCh. 12 - Prob. 3MCCh. 12 - Which of the following are part of MALT? a....Ch. 12 - 5. Developmentally, embryonic lymphatic vessels...Ch. 12 - 6. Which of the following are among the most...Ch. 12 - Chemical mediators of inflammation include a....Ch. 12 - Against which of the following will interferon do...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9MCCh. 12 - 10. Where exactly does an antigen bind to an...
Ch. 12 - Which of the following antibody capabilities...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12MCCh. 12 - Prob. 13MCCh. 12 - Prob. 14SAECh. 12 - Prob. 15SAECh. 12 - Prob. 16SAECh. 12 - 17. Besides acting as mechanical barriers, the...Ch. 12 - What is complement? Besides bacterial lysis, what...Ch. 12 - 19. Interferons are referred to as antiviral...Ch. 12 - Prob. 20SAECh. 12 - Prob. 21SAECh. 12 - Prob. 22SAECh. 12 - Prob. 23SAECh. 12 - Prob. 24SAECh. 12 - Binding of antigens to receptors of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 26SAECh. 12 - Prob. 27SAECh. 12 - 28. Compare and contrast a primary and a secondary...Ch. 12 - Prob. 29SAECh. 12 - Prob. 30SAECh. 12 - Prob. 31SAECh. 12 - Distinguish between immediate types of allergy and...Ch. 12 - Prob. 33SAECh. 12 - Prob. 34SAECh. 12 - Contrast lysozyme, perforin and granzymes, and a...Ch. 12 - Prob. 36CTCh. 12 - Prob. 37CTCh. 12 - Prob. 38CTCh. 12 - Mrs. Morrow, a 59-year-old woman, has undergone a...Ch. 12 - 40. Lymphocytes continuously circulate through the...Ch. 12 - Capillary permeability increase and plasma...
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- Explain the following Sweat glands in the armpits secrete perspiration with a pH close to neutral (7.0). How does this fact help explain body odor in this area as compared to other parts of the skin? Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preferentially destroys CD4+ cells. Specifically, what effect does this have on antibody and cell-mediated immunity? How does a phagocyte “know” it is in contact with a pathogen instead of another body cell?arrow_forwardThe complement system supplements the inflammatory response by directly killing microorganisms. Describe the life cycle of complement proteins, from their synthesis in the liver to their activity in the site of an infection.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is NOT true? O O None of the other four answers (All statements are true) When connective tissue (e.g., in the dermis) is damaged, repair leads to scar tissue formation During inflammation, all of the phagocytic leukocytes remain inside capillaries to prevent pathogens from entering the bloodstream The typical signs and symptoms of inflammation are redness, pain, heat, and swelling An abscess is an infection and collection of pus in a walled-off areaarrow_forward
- Consider the types of defense. Drop each label into the flow chart to indicate whether it is a first, second, or third line of defense. Fever Chemical barriers Inflammation Mechanical barriers Cellular immune response NK cells Phagocytosis Humoral immune response Pathogen begins to enter the body First line of defense: Second line of defense: Pathogen enters body Third line of defense:arrow_forwardWhat feature of the skin creates a physical barrier to microbial invasion? Group of answer choices The outer layers are composed of cells full of protein which forms NETs to trap microbes until they are shed. The surface is constantly patrolled by phagocytic cells. The outer layers are dead cells, tightly linked together, and are frequently shed. All of these mechanisms can provide defense against microbial invaders. The oil secreted onto the surface of the skin traps microbes, preventing penetration. The fine hairs move microbes to mucous membranes for phagocytosis.arrow_forwardDescribe how the skin and mucous membranes play an integral role in helping the body protect itself against infection.arrow_forward
- Macrophages and neutrophils both contribute to extracellular pathogen protection. Describe their common characteristics, differences in structure and function, and if one were eliminated from the innate immune response, explain which one would be more detrimental to the body and why.arrow_forwardHow does acute inflammation protect against infection? Be specific and provide details.arrow_forwardThe nurse is conducting a class on drugs for malignant tumors for a group of new oncology staff members. Which best describes the action of interferons in the management of malignant tumors? a )Interferons increase the production of specific anticancer enzymes.b) Interferons have antiviral and antitumor properties and strengthen the immune system.c) Interferons stimulate the production and activation of T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T cells.d )Interferons help improve the cell-killing action of T cells because they are retrieved from healthy donorsarrow_forward
- List seven innate body defense mechanisms, and describe the action of each mechanism.arrow_forwardMatch the class of antibody with its appropriate structure/function. 1st choice This dimeric antibody is responsible for localized protection on mucosal surfaces. 2nd choice This monomeric antibody functions is mediating the allergic response. 3rd choice This monomeric antibody presence on B cells functions in initiation of the immune response. 4th choice This monomeric antibody enhances phagocytosis, neutralizes toxins and viruses, and protects fetus and newborn. 5th choice This pentameric antibody is especially effective against microorganisms; first antibodies produced in response to initial infection. IgM| IgD IgE IgA IgG > >arrow_forwardWhile you are jogging carly in the moming, you slip on some ice and skin your knee. Following the breach in skin, which of the following MIGHT be expected? a) Release of histamine, prostaglandins and leukotrienes b) Extravasation of neutrophils c) Complement activation d) ONLY a & b e) All of the Abovearrow_forward
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