Identify the role imposing a tax in an economy.
Explanation of Solution
When the tax is imposed by the government on an economy, it will reduce the disposable income of the people. When the income falls, people will reduce the consumption. As a result, the overall aggregative
If the
Concept introduction:
Tax: The tax is a compulsory and unilateral payment made by the people towards the government which acts as the major source of revenue to the government. There are different types of taxes such as the income tax, property tax, professional tax, and so on.
Disposable income: Disposable income refers to the amount remaining after paying all the necessary tax.
Expansionary fiscal policy: It is a form of fiscal policy that involves either decreasing taxes or increasing government expenditures, or both, in order to fight recessionary pressures.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Principles of Macroeconomics (12th Edition)
- During the third quarter of 1997, Japanese GDP was falling at an annual rate of over 11 percent. Many blamed the big increase in Japan's taxes in the spring of 1997, which was designed to balance the budget. a. Explain how an increase in taxes with the economy growing slowly could cause a recession. b. If you were head of the Japanese central bank (the same as our FED), how would you respond? What impact would your policy have on the level of investment?arrow_forwardThe central bank decided to raise interest rates when it wanted to reduce aggregate demand to fight inflation. How does an increase in interest rates reduce aggregate demand?arrow_forwardSuppose that you are employed as an advisor to the central bank. Select the proper policy recommendation or economic prediction for each of the following scenarios. Which policy is appropriate when a rising aggregate price level is a concern but GDP is growing at an acceptable rate? contractionary or restrictive monetary policy (tight money policy) It is unclear which type of monetary policy is appropriate. expansionary monetary policy (easy money policy) Which policy is appropriate when a rising aggregate price level is a concern and GDP is not growing at an acceptable rate? It is unclear which type of monetary policy is appropriate. contractionary or restrictive monetary policy (tight money policy) expansionary monetary policy (easy money policy) Contractionary or restrictive monetary policy (tight money policy) will cause interest rates to increase sometimes and decrease sometimes. decrease. increase.arrow_forward
- If the U.S. economy enters a new financial crisis, the government may use monetary policy tools to avert a financial meltdown. The government may utilize monetary policy tools to avert a financial collapse if the U.S. economy experiences another financial crisis. First, the Federal Reserve should operate as a lender of last resort and make loans to banks and financial institutions to meet their short-term obligations. When the risk of a financial collapse has receded, the government should revert to its traditional expansionary monetary policy. Open market activities of buying and selling assets on the open market is one action the government may use. Through open market operations, the government may increase the economy's liquidity by purchasing assets from banks and the general public. Reducing the discount rate, i.e. the interest rate at which the central bank provides short-term loans to banks, will result in a decrease in the rate at which commercial banks offer loans to the…arrow_forwardOn June 5, 2003, the European Central Bank acted to decrease the short-term interest rate in Europe by half a percentage point, to 2 percent. The bank’s president at the time, Willem Duisenberg, suggested that, in the future, the bank could reduce rates further. The rate cut was made because European countries were growing very slowly or were in recession. What effect did the bank hope the action would have on the economy? Be specific. What was the hoped-for result on C, I, and Y?arrow_forwardThe monetary policy rate is the rate at which the Central Bank of Ghana lends to commercial banks. The results from table 4.4.1 shows that the monetary rate in Ghana declined from 2019 to 2021, before rising in 2022. The decline in the monetary rate from 2019 to 2021 can be attributed to an expansionary monetary policy, which was implemented to boost the economy of Ghana by reducing unemployment. The rise in the monetary rate in 2022 is a sign of a contractionary monetary policy, which is intended to reduce money supply and increase the cost of borrowing. This can help control inflation but may also lead to lower economic growth due to reduced aggregate demand (consumption). Consumption which is a component of GDP, the decrease in Aggregate demand will lead to decrease GDP and economic growth at large. Digitalization has become the norm in all parts of life, including finance. Mobile money has acquired substantial acceptance in Ghana as a simple mechanism for fund transfers, payments,…arrow_forward
- The Bank of England will prevent members of its interest rate-setting committee from publishing individual opinions on the economy despite a review of its procedures calling for greater transparency. The Bank said a "collective forecast" will remain the centerpiece of the monetary policy committee's monthly reports, effectively barring members from explaining their own views on the likely path of economic growth, inflation, and unemployment. Critics of the Bank's policy said the Bank's governor, Sir Mervyn King, had rejected proposals for the public to see a wider range of views because he wanted to maintain a stranglehold on the direction of policy...In response, the Bank said it agreed some procedures were opaque and there was a need for clear lines of responsibility, but said that criticism of the monetary policy committee, which King chairs, were largely unfounded. Explain why then-Bank of England Governor Mervyn King would want to prevent members of the monetary policy committee…arrow_forwardMonetary policy as one of the macroeconomic policies is generally implemented in line with the cycle of economic activity (business cycle). Based on this, answer the following questions: a) Explain what monetary policy is appropriate to apply when there is a decline in GDP, economic growth slows and there is a decline in the prices of goods? b) Explain what monetary policy is appropriate to apply when there is an increase in the amount of real output or economic growth and an increase in the price of goods? Explain!arrow_forward“Monetary policy is the macroeconomic policy laid down by the central bank of an economy.”In terms of the above statement, explain how monetary policy can be used to combat inflationarrow_forward
- can you answer the question please.arrow_forwardWhy would a central bank be concerned about persistent,long-term budget deficits?arrow_forwardThe major problem facing the economy is high unemployment and weak economic growth. The inflation rate is low and stable. Therefore, the Federal Reserve decides to pursue a policy to increase the rate of economic growth. Which policy changes by the Fed would reinforce each other to achieve that objective?arrow_forward