University Physics Volume 3
University Physics Volume 3
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168185
Author: William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 11, Problem 86CP

The peak intensity of the CMBR occurs at a wavelength of 1.1 mm. (a) What is the energy in eV of a 1.1-ram photon? (b) There are approximately 109 photons for each massive particle in deep space. Calculate the energy of 10^ such photons, (c) If the average massive particle in space has a mass half that of a proton, what energy would be created by converting its mass to energy? (d) Does this imply that space is "matter dominated”? Explain briefly.

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The peak intensity of the CMBR occurs at a wavelength of 1.1 mm. (a) What is the energy in eV of a 1.1-mm photon? (b) There are approximately 109 photons for each massive particle in deep space. Calculate the energy of 109 such photons. (c) If the average massive particle in space has a mass half that of a proton, what energy would be created byconverting its mass to energy? (d) Does this imply that space is “matter dominated”? Explain briefly.
Provide the answers in 90 minutes, and count as 2 questions if needed.
The range of the nuclear strong force is believed to be about 1.2 x 10-15 m. An early theory of nuclear physics proposed that the particle that “mediates” the strong force (similar to the photon mediating the electromagnetic force) is the pion. Assume that the pion moves at the speed of light in the nucleus, and calculate the time ∆t it takes to travel between nucleons. Assume that the distance between nucleons is also about 1.2 x 10-15 m. Use this time ∆t to calculate the energy ∆E for which energy conservation is violated during the time ∆t. This ∆E has been used to estimate the mass of the pion. What value do you determine for the mass? Compare this value with the measured value of 135 MeV/c2 for the neutral pion.

Chapter 11 Solutions

University Physics Volume 3

Ch. 11 - Distinguish fermions and bosons using the concepts...Ch. 11 - List the quark and lepton families.Ch. 11 - Distinguish between elementary particles...Ch. 11 - What are six particle conservation laws? Briefly...Ch. 11 - In general, how do we determine if a particle...Ch. 11 - Why might the detection of panicle interaction...Ch. 11 - What are the six known quarks? Summarize their...Ch. 11 - What is the general quark composition of a baryon?...Ch. 11 - What evidence exists for the existence of quarks?Ch. 11 - Why do baryons with the same quark composition...Ch. 11 - Briefly compare the Van de Graaff accelerator,...Ch. 11 - Describe the basic components and function of...Ch. 11 - What are the subdetectors of the Compact Muon...Ch. 11 - What is the advantage of a colliding-beam...Ch. 11 - An electron appeals in the muon detectors of the...Ch. 11 - What is the Standard Model? Express your answer in...Ch. 11 - Draw a Feynman diagram to represents annihilation...Ch. 11 - What is the motivation behind grand unification...Ch. 11 - If a theory is developed that unifies all four...Ch. 11 - If the Higgs boson is discovered and found to have...Ch. 11 - One of the common decay modes of the is 0 is 0+p ....Ch. 11 - What is meant by cosmological expansion? Express...Ch. 11 - Describe the balloon analogy for cosmological...Ch. 11 - Distances to local galaxies are determined by...Ch. 11 - What is meant by a “cosmological model of the...Ch. 11 - Describe two pieces of evidence that support the...Ch. 11 - In what sense are we, as Newton once said, "a boy...Ch. 11 - If some unknown cause of redshift—such as light...Ch. 11 - In the past, many scientists believed the universe...Ch. 11 - How much energy is released when ail electron and...Ch. 11 - If 1.01030MeV of energy is released in the...Ch. 11 - When both an electron and a positron are at rest,...Ch. 11 - What is the total kinetic energy carried away by...Ch. 11 - Which of the following decays cannot occur because...Ch. 11 - Which of the following reactions cannot because...Ch. 11 - Identify one possible decay for each of the...Ch. 11 - Each of die following strong nuclear reactions is...Ch. 11 - Based on quark composition of a proton, show that...Ch. 11 - Based on the quark composition of a neutron, show...Ch. 11 - Argue that the quark composition given in Table...Ch. 11 - Mesons are fanned from the following combinations...Ch. 11 - Why can’t either set of quarks shown below form...Ch. 11 - Experimental results indicate an isolate particle...Ch. 11 - Express the decays np+e+vand pn+e++vin terms of...Ch. 11 - A charged particle in a 2.0-T magnetic field is...Ch. 11 - A proton track passes through a magnetic field...Ch. 11 - Derive the equation p = 0.3Br using the concepts...Ch. 11 - Assume that beam energy of an electron-positron...Ch. 11 - At full energy, protons in the 2.00-km-diameter...Ch. 11 - Suppose a Wcreated in a particle detector lives...Ch. 11 - What length track does a +traveling at 0.100c...Ch. 11 - The 3.20-km-lfmg SLAC produces a beam of 50.0-GcV...Ch. 11 - Using the Heisenberg uncertainly principle,...Ch. 11 - Use the Heisenberg uncertainly principle to...Ch. 11 - (a) The following decay is mediated by the...Ch. 11 - Assuming conservation of momentum, what is the...Ch. 11 - What is the wavelength of a 50-GeV electron, which...Ch. 11 - The primary decay mode for the negative pion is +v...Ch. 11 - Suppose you are designing a proton decay...Ch. 11 - If the speed of a distant galaxy is 0.99c, what is...Ch. 11 - The distance of a galaxy from our solar system is...Ch. 11 - If a galaxy is 153 Mpc away flora us, how fast do...Ch. 11 - On average, how far away are galaxies that are...Ch. 11 - Our solar system orbits the center of the Milky...Ch. 11 - (a) Wliat is the approximate velocity relative to...Ch. 11 - (a) Calculate the approximate age of the universe...Ch. 11 - The Andromeda Galaxy is the closest large galaxy...Ch. 11 - Show that the velocity of a star orbiting its...Ch. 11 - Experimental results suggest that a muon decays to...Ch. 11 - Each of the following reactions is missing a...Ch. 11 - Because of energy loss due to synchrotron...Ch. 11 - A proton and an antiproton collide head-on, with...Ch. 11 - When an electron and positron collide at the SLAC...Ch. 11 - The core of a star collapses during a supernova,...Ch. 11 - Using the solution from the previous problem, find...Ch. 11 - (a) What Hubble constant corresponds to an...Ch. 11 - Electrons and positions are collided in a circular...Ch. 11 - The intensity of cosmic ray radiation decreases...Ch. 11 - (a) Calculate the relativistic quantity...Ch. 11 - Plans for ail accelerator that produces a...Ch. 11 - In supei novae, neutrinos are produced in huge...Ch. 11 - Assuming a circular orbit for the Sun about the...Ch. 11 - (a) What is the approximate force of gravity on a...Ch. 11 - (a) A panicle and its antiparticle are at rest...Ch. 11 - The peak intensity of the CMBR occurs at a...Ch. 11 - (a) Use the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to...
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