Concept explainers
The earth’s gravitational field when the atmospheric pressure is zero and the outer space would start at the planet’s surface.
Answer to Problem 1OQ
Option (b) Yes, and it would be essentially the same as the current value.
Explanation of Solution
The air particles are attracted towards the earth’s atmosphere due to the gravitational acceleration and every particles possess some mass (significantly small), so that it exerts force on the surface of earth. As the force acts on a unit area, the result will be the atmospheric pressure acts on the earth’s surface. As the gravity is suddenly switched off, that will lead to the evaporation of atmosphere and the value of atmospheric pressure becomes zero. And it will not affect the gravitational field of the planet.
Write the expression for the gravitational field,
Here,
The magnitude of the gravitational field depends on the mass and the radius of the planet.
Conclusion:
Since the magnitude of the planet’s gravitational field is not depend on the atmospheric pressure, option (b) is correct.
The mass as well as the radius of the planet remains same the magnitude of
Switching off the gravity would let the atmosphere evaporate away, but the switching off the atmosphere has no effect in the planet’s gravitational field Thus, option (c) is incorrect.
The atmosphere will evaporate away but the magnitude of the gravitational field of the planet remains same Thus, option (d) is incorrect.
Switching off the gravity will led to the evaporation of the atmosphere and the atmospheric pressure is not depending on the magnitude of the field Thus, option (e) is incorrect.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, Hybrid (with Enhanced WebAssign Printed Access Card)
- Imagine that nitrogen and other atmospheric gases were more soluble in water so that the atmosphere of the Earth is entirely absorbed by the oceans. Atmospheric pressure would then be zero, and outer space would start at the planets surface. Would the Earth then have a gravitational field? (a) Yes, and at the surface it would be larger in magnitude than 9.8 N/kg. (b) Yes, and it would be essentially the same as the current value. (c) Yes, and it would be somewhat less than 9.8 N/kg. (d) Yes, and it would be much less than 9.8 N/kg. (e) No, it would not.arrow_forwardSince 1995, hundreds of extrasolar planets have been discovered. There is the exciting possibility that there is life on one or more of these planets. To support life similar to that on the Earth, the planet must have liquid water. For an Earth-like planet orbiting a star like the Sun, this requirement means that the planet must be within a habitable zone of 0.9 AU to 1.4 AU from the star. The semimajor axis of an extrasolar planet is inferred from its period. What range in periods corresponds to the habitable zone for an Earth-like Planet orbiting a Sun-like star?arrow_forwardCalculate the effective gravitational field vector g at Earths surface at the poles and the equator. Take account of the difference in the equatorial (6378 km) and polar (6357 km) radius as well as the centrifugal force. How well does the result agree with the difference calculated with the result g = 9.780356[1 + 0.0052885 sin 2 0.0000059 sin2(2)]m/s2 where is the latitude?arrow_forward
- Compute directly the gravitational force on a unit mass at a point exterior to a homogeneous sphere of matter.arrow_forwardA system consists of five particles. How many terms appear in the expression for the total gravitational potential energy of the system? (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 10 (d) 20 (e) 25arrow_forwardImagine a particular exoplanet covered in an ocean of liquid methane. At the surface of the ocean, the acceleration of gravity is 4.70 m/s2, and atmospheric pressure is 8.60 ✕ 104 Pa. The atmospheric temperature and pressure on this planet causes the density of the liquid methane ocean to be 415 kg/m3. (a) What force (in N) is exerted by the atmosphere on a disk-shaped region 2.00 m in radius at the surface of the ocean? N (b) What is the weight, on this exoplanet, of a 10.0 m deep cylindrical column of methane with radius 2.00 m? (Enter your answer in N.) N (c) What is the pressure (in Pa) at a depth of 10.0 m in the methane ocean? Paarrow_forward
- Imagine a particular exoplanet covered in an ocean of liquid methane. At the surface of the ocean, the acceleration of gravity is 8.00 m/s2, and atmospheric pressure is 8.80 ✕ 104 Pa. The atmospheric temperature and pressure on this planet causes the density of the liquid methane ocean to be 415 kg/m3. (a) What force (in N) is exerted by the atmosphere on a disk-shaped region 2.00 m in radius at the surface of the ocean? N (b) What is the weight, on this exoplanet, of a 10.0 m deep cylindrical column of methane with radius 2.00 m? (Enter your answer in N.) N (c) What is the pressure (in Pa) at a depth of 10.0 m in the methane ocean?arrow_forward16-9. Show that the escape velocity from a planet's surface is given by v = (2gR)'/2 where g is the gravitational constant and R the radius of the planet. Given that the gravita- tional constant of the earth is 980 cm/sec² and the radius is 6.4 × 10 cm, calculate the fraction of hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, and oxygen molecules having velocities exceeding the escape velocity.arrow_forwardImagine a particular exoplanet covered in an ocean of liquid ethane. At the surface of the ocean, the acceleration of gravity is 7.60 m/s2, and atmospheric pressure is 8.80 ✕ 104 Pa. The atmospheric temperature and pressure on this planet causes the density of the liquid ethane ocean to be 620 kg/m3. (a) What force (in N) is exerted by the atmosphere on a disk-shaped region 2.00 m in radius at the surface of the ocean? ______________ N (b) What is the weight, on this exoplanet, of a 10.0 m deep cylindrical column of ethane with radius 2.00 m? (Enter your answer in N.) _______________ N (c) What is the pressure (in Pa) at a depth of 10.0 m in the ethane ocean? ____________________ Paarrow_forward
- Imagine a particular exoplanet covered in an ocean of liquid ethane. At the surface of the ocean, the acceleration of gravity is 7.00 m/s2, and atmospheric pressure is 9.00 ✕ 104 Pa. The atmospheric temperature and pressure on this planet causes the density of the liquid ethane ocean to be 620 kg/m3. (a) What force (in N) is exerted by the atmosphere on a disk-shaped region 2.00 m in radius at the surface of the ocean? N (b) What is the weight, on this exoplanet, of a 10.0 m deep cylindrical column of ethane with radius 2.00 m? (Enter your answer in N.) What is the mass of the ethane? How is it related to density and volume? What is the volume of a cylinder? What is the weight in terms of mass and gravitational acceleration? Note the gravitational acceleration is not 9.80 m/s2 on this planet. N (c) What is the pressure (in Pa) at a depth of 10.0 m in the ethane ocean? Paarrow_forward1) What is approximately the gravitational force of the sun on the planet mars? (RMs= 2.28 × 10®km, M, = 1.99 x 1030kg, MM =6.39 × 1023kg) %Darrow_forwardIf all planets had the same average density, how would the acceleration due to gravity at the surface of a planet depend on its radius?arrow_forward
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningClassical Dynamics of Particles and SystemsPhysicsISBN:9780534408961Author:Stephen T. Thornton, Jerry B. MarionPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningGlencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Student...PhysicsISBN:9780078807213Author:Paul W. ZitzewitzPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill