Chapter 1.1, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

Genetics play an important role in the field of science including the discovery of genome sequencing to analyses the evolutionary history of an organism. Genome contains the complete set of genetic information for any organism and genomes are encoded in nucleic acids-DNA or RNA Genetics is used to generate new bacterial strains that aids benefit to the society, it is also used in medicine and other agriculture. Advancement in genetics has resulted in the development of diagnostic tests, which identify disease-causing mutations.

Answer to Problem 1CC

All organisms have similar genetic systems because all life forms are genetically related. The researchers also found that the function of one organism’s gene can often be applied to other organisms. Therefore, option (d) is correct.

Option (d) is given as “All of the above”

Explanation of Solution

Justify reason for the correct statement:

All living organisms acquire similar genetic systems, and genetic variation, which is the base of all life (diversity). The coding system for genetic information is also common to all life forms with some exceptions. Genetic instructions are in the same format and the codes are identical. These common features depict that all life forms on Earth are evolved from primordial ancestor. All organisms have similar genetic systems and the study of one organism’s gene reveals principle that applies to other organisms. Scientists also found that the function of one organism’s gene can often be applied to other organisms.

Hence, option (d) is correct.

Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option (a) is given as “That all life forms are genetically related”.

All living organisms acquire same format for genetic instruction, so they are genetically related. But it is not the only implication that makes similar genetic systems in all organisms. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (b) is given as “That researcher findings on one organism’s gene function can often be applied to other organisms”.

The evolution of genetic engineering illustrates that the gene from one organism often function in other organism. But it is not the only implication that makes similar genetic systems in all organisms. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (c) is given as “That genes from one organism can often function in another organism”

All life forms have similar genomic information encoded in their nucleic acid, so the genes from one organism can often function in another organism. But it is not the only implication of same genetic systems in all life forms. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (b), and (c) are incorrect.

Conclusion

The genetic systems of all life forms are same because all have similar genetic information and the format for the genetic code is same. With the development of genetic engineering, a gene from one organism often functions in another organism.