Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 11, Problem 14P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The circumferences of the perfect circles formed from the given plasmid and chromosome are to be calculated. Also, the diameter of the double-stranded DNA and the ratio of the length of the circular plasmid to the diameter of the DNA and the ratio of the length of the chromosome to the diameter of the DNA are to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, is a biological macromolecule. In organisms, it carries genetic information and is required for protein production, cell reproduction, regulation and
A plasmid refers to a DNA molecule of smaller size in a cell that is separated from chromosomal DNA and capable of replicating independently.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 11 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 11 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3PCh. 11 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 11 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 11 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 11 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 11 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9PCh. 11 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 11 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 11 - Prob. 12PCh. 11 - Prob. 13PCh. 11 - Prob. 14PCh. 11 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 11 - Prob. 16PCh. 11 - Prob. 17PCh. 11 - Prob. 18PCh. 11 - Prob. 19PCh. 11 - Prob. 20PCh. 11 - Prob. 21PCh. 11 - Prob. 22PCh. 11 - Prob. 23P
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- Answers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. DNA Supercoiling Parameters A “relaxed,� circular, double-stranded DNA molecule (1600 bp) is in a solution where conditions favor 10 bp per turn. What is the value of L0 for this DNA molecule? Suppose DNA gyrase introduces 12 negative supercoils into this molecule. What are the values of L, W, and T now? What is the superhelical density, ?arrow_forwardAnswers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. Designing Primers for PCR Amplification of a DNA Sequence Given the following short DNA duplex of sequence (53)ATGCCGTAGTCGATCATTACGATAGCATAGCACAGGGATCCA- CATGCACACACATGACATAGGACAGATAGCAT what oligonucleotide primers (17-mers) would be required for PCR amplification of this duplex?arrow_forwardAnswers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. B- and Z-DNA Supercoiling Parameters Suppose one double helical turn of a superhelical DNA molecule changes conformation from B- to Z-form. What are the changes in L, W, and T? Why do you suppose the transition of DNA from B- to Z-form is favored by negative supercoiling?arrow_forward
- Answers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. B-and Z-DNA Helical Parameters II If 80% of the base pairs in a duplex DNA molecule (12.5 kbp) are in the B-conformation and 20% are in the Z-conformation, what is the length of the molecule?arrow_forwardAnswers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. Deducing DNA Sequence from Sanger Sequencing Results The output of an automated DNA sequence determination by the Sanger dideoxy chain termination method, performed as illustrated in Figure 11.3, is disp1ayed at right. What is the sequence of the original oligonucleotide?arrow_forwardAnswers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. Calculate the Number of Nucleosomes in a Human Diploid Cell Assume that there is one nucleosome for every 200 bp of eukaryotic DNA. How many nucleosomes are there in a diploid human cell? Nucleosomes in be approximated a disks 11 nm in diameter and 6 nm long. If all the DNA molecules in a diploid human cell are in the B-conformation, what is the sum of their lengths? If this DNA is now arrayed on nucleosomes in the beads-on-a-string motif, what would be the approximate total height of the nucleosome column if these disks were stacked atop one another?arrow_forward
- Answers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. Preparing cDNA Libraries from Different Cells Describe an experimental protocol for the preparation of to cDNA libraries, one from anaerobically grown yeast cells and the second from aerobically grown yeast cell.arrow_forwardAnswers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. Identifying DNA Structural and Functional Elements from Nucleotide Sequence Information Listed below are four DNA sequences. Which one contains a type-II restriction endonuclease (six-cutter) hexanucleotide site?. Which one is likely to form a cruciform structure? Which one is likely to be found in Z-DNA? Which one represents the 5'-end of a tRNA gene? Which one is most likely to be found in a triplex DNA structure? a. CGCGCGCCGCGCACGCGCTCGCGCGCCGC b. GAACGTCGTATTCCCGTACGACGTTC c. CAGGTCTCTCTCTCTCTCTCTC d. TGGTGCGAATTCTGTGGAT e. ATCGGAATTCATCGarrow_forwardAnswers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. The Sequence Relationship Between an Antisense RNA Strand and Its Template DNA Strand The DNA strand that is complementary to the template strand copied by RNA polymerase during transcription has a nucleotide sequence identical to that of the RNA being synthesized (except T residues are found in the DNA strand at sites where U residues occur in the RNA). An RNA transcribed from this nontem-plate DNA strand would be complementary to the mRNA synthesized by RNA polymerase. Such an RNA is called antisense RNA because its base sequence is complementary to the “sense mRNA. One strategy to thwart the deleterious effects of genes activated in disease slates (such as cancer) is to generate antisense RNAs in affected cells. These antisense RNAs would form double-stranded hybrids with mRNAs transcribed from the activated genes and prevent their translation into protein. Suppose transcription of a cancer-activated gene yielded an mRNA whose sequence included the segment 5’-UACGUCUAAGCUGA. What is the corresponding nucleotide sequence (5’ The template strand in a DNA duplex that might be introduced into these cells so that an untisense RNA could be transcribed from it?arrow_forward
- Answers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. The Base Sequence in the Two Polynucleotide Chairs of a DNA Double Helix Is Complementary Adhering to the convention of writing nucleotide sequences in the 5' 3' direction, what is the nucleotide sequence of the DNA strand that is complementary to d-ATCGCAACTGTCACTA?arrow_forwardAnswers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. (Historical Context) The Third Person of the -Helix Publication Who was Herman Branson? What was his role in the elucidation of the structure of the or-helix'.' Did he receive sufficient credit and recognition for his contributions? And how did the rest of his career unfold? Do a Google search on Herman Branson to learn about his life, and read the article by David Eisenberg under Further Reading. You may also wish to examine the original paper by Pauling, Corey, and Branson, as well as the following Web site: http://www.pirns. org/sitelmisclclassicsl..shtml Pauling, L., Corey, R. B., and Branson, H. R., 1951. The structure of proteins: two hydrogen-bonded helical configurations of the polypeptide chain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 37:235-240.arrow_forwardAnswers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions Manual, Study Guide, and Problems Book. An Estimation of Minimal Genome Size for a Living Cell Studies of existing cells to determine the minimum number of genes for a living cell have suggested that 206 genes are sufficient. If the ratio of protein-coding genes to non-protein-coding genes is the same in this minimal organism as the genes of Mycoplasma genitulium, how many proteins are represented in these 206 genes. How many base pairs would be required to form the genome of this minimal organism if the genes are the same size as M genilalium genes? (Section 1.5)arrow_forward
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