Chapter 11, Problem 12E

(a)

To determine

To Explain: that actual situation fails to model the low simulation using 2 to 12 random numbers to show the sum of the face if 2 dice are rolled.

Explanation of Solution

When 2 dices are rolled, there have data that uses random numbers 2 to 12 to show the sum of faces. The numbers reflect the sums when 2 dices are rolled, but the sums are not equally probable. The probability of rolling 7, for instance, is 16.67%, but the probability of rolling 2 is 2.78%. The simulation assumes that they are all just as likely.

(b)

To determine

To Explain: that actual situation fails to model the low simulation using 0 to 5 random numbers to show the number of boys in the family of 5 children.

Explanation of Solution

There is data that uses random numbers from 0 to 5 to show the number of boys in a family of five girls.

The number of boys is not equally probable in a family of 5 children because there are 5 boys and children are less probable to have 2 boys out of 5 daughters. The simulation assigns each occurrence the same probability.

(c)

To determine

To Explain: that actual situation fails to model the low simulation Performance of a baseball player at bat by making a baseball player bat 0 is an out, 1 is a single, 2 is a double, 3 is a triple and 4 is a home run.

Explanation of Solution

There is data that simulates the output of the baseball player at bat by letting 0 be for an out, 1 is for a single, 2 is for a double, 3 is for a triple and 4 is for home run.

The probability of out, single, double, triple and home run are not the same since the consequence is that the bat depends on the ability of the player. The simulation assumes that each result is equally probable.