Concept explainers
Use the terms in the left margin to complete the paragraph below.
A segment of DNA on a chromosome that controls the production of a protein is called____. A____ cell contains two copies of each chromosome. A sex cell, or____, is ____, meaning it contains one copy of each chromosome. _____ are pairs of chromosomes, one from each parent.
Describe three processes that occur during sexual reproduction.
(1)
To Fill:
The given blanks with the correct vocabulary term.
Answer to Problem 1NV
The given blank can be filled as follows:
Blank number | Term |
1 | Gene |
2 | Diploid |
3 | Gamete |
4 | Homologous chromosomes |
Explanation of Solution
A part of chromosome that codes for a particular protein is known as a gene. A diploid cell contains two sets of each chromosomes. A sex cell or a gamete is haploid, which means it contains only a single set of chromosomes. Homologous chromosomes are identical chromosome received by each parent.
(2)
To describe:
The process of meiosis, fertilization and crossing over.
Explanation of Solution
Description of the processes during sexual reproduction is as follows:
Meiosis | Fertilization | Crossing over | |
What happens? | It is a type of reductional cell division, in which a diploid cell divides to form haploid cells. | It is process o fusion of male and female gamete. | It is the process of exchange of genetic material between two homologous chromosomes. |
What is the product? | The product is haploid gamete. | Fertilization leads to formation of zygote. | It leads to formation of recombinant chromosomes. |
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