Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 9RQ
In relaxed muscle, the myosin-binding site on actin is blocked by ________.
- titin
- troponin
- myoglobin
- tropomyosin
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Passive force in skeletal muscle fibers is generated by ______________________ the muscle.
Part Two: The rest of the story
calcium to spill into the cytoplasm of the muscle cell
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Myosin head un-ratchets and is left holding ADP.
As calcium levels in the cytoplasm decrease, there is less calcium to bind troponin and troponin begins to return to its original shape, thus allowing tropomyosin to again cover the actin binding sites.
As long as Actin binding sites are available (and there is ATP available) myosin and actin interaction continues
ATP ‘attaches’ to myosin head, and (via ATP hydrolysis) the energy released allows the myosin head to release the Actin.
Myosin drops the ADP and binds to actin.
The free calcium binds to troponin causing the troponin to change shape.
Myosin heads ratchet, pulling actin towards the M-line.
Troponin’s conformational change (shape change) pulls the tropomyosin off of actin’s binding sites.
Skeletal muscle is associated to the _________________.
What makes up the muscle fiber?
Chapter 10 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 10 - Watch this video...Ch. 10 - Every skeletal muscle fiber is supplied by a motor...Ch. 10 - The release of calcium ions initiates muscle...Ch. 10 - Muscle that has a striped appearance is described...Ch. 10 - Which element is important in directly Triggering...Ch. 10 - Which of the following properties is not common to...Ch. 10 - The correct order for the smallest to the largest...Ch. 10 - Depolarization of the sarcolemma means ________....Ch. 10 - In relaxed muscle, the myosin-binding site on...Ch. 10 - According to the sliding filament model, binding...
Ch. 10 - The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called...Ch. 10 - Muscle relaxation occurs when ________. calcium...Ch. 10 - During muscle contraction, the cross-bridge...Ch. 10 - Thin and thick filaments are organized into...Ch. 10 - During which phase of a twitch in a muscle fiber...Ch. 10 - Muscle fatigue is caused by ________. buildup of...Ch. 10 - A sprinter would experience muscle fatigue sooner...Ch. 10 - What aspect of creatine phosphate allows it to...Ch. 10 - Dmg X blocks ATP regeneration from ADP and...Ch. 10 - The muscles of a professional sprinter are most...Ch. 10 - The muscles of a professional marathon runner are...Ch. 10 - Which of the following statements is true? Fast...Ch. 10 - Which of the following statements is false? Slow...Ch. 10 - Cardiac muscles differ from skeletal muscles in...Ch. 10 - If cardiac muscle cells were prevented from...Ch. 10 - Smooth muscles differ from skeletal and cardiac...Ch. 10 - Which of the following statements describes smooth...Ch. 10 - From which embryonic cell type does muscle tissue...Ch. 10 - Which cell type helps to repair injured muscle...Ch. 10 - Why is elasticity an important quality of muscle...Ch. 10 - What would happen to skeletal muscle if the...Ch. 10 - Describe how tendons facilitate body movement.Ch. 10 - What are the five primary functions of skeletal...Ch. 10 - What are the opposite roles of voltage-gated...Ch. 10 - How would muscle contractions be affected if...Ch. 10 - What causes the striated appearance of skeletal...Ch. 10 - How would muscle contractions be affected if ATP...Ch. 10 - Why does a motor unit of the eye have few muscle...Ch. 10 - What factors contribute to the amount of tension...Ch. 10 - Why do muscle cells use creatine phosphate instead...Ch. 10 - Is aerobic respiration more or less efficient than...Ch. 10 - What changes occur at the cellular level in...Ch. 10 - What changes occur at the cellular level in...Ch. 10 - What would be the drawback of cardiac contractions...Ch. 10 - How are cardiac muscle cells similar to and...Ch. 10 - Why can smooth muscles conn act over a wider range...Ch. 10 - Describe the differences between single-unit...Ch. 10 - Why is muscle that has sustained significant...Ch. 10 - Which muscle type(s) (skeletal, smooth, or...
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- Hyperkinesia means abnormally increased muscle function or activity. _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________arrow_forwarda contraction in which a muscle shortens in length is called an ____________contraction.arrow_forward31. ________________ recapitulate the processes of skeletal muscle myogenesis. dentric cells none are correct glial cells satellite cellsarrow_forward
- Graded muscle contractions ________. depend on activation of more and more motor units depend on increasing frequency of nerve action potentials to each motor unit represent increasing amounts of force generated by a muscle all of the abovearrow_forwardPerforming a depth jump from a platform that is too high may elicit a reflex initiated by golgi tendon organs, which is triggered by muscles ______________. contracting with too much force exercising too long stretching too far accumulating too much lactic acidarrow_forwardA smooth, sustained contraction from rapid stimulation of skeletal muscle fibers is called ________.arrow_forward
- Matching between Column I and corresponding definition or function in column II ( please answer all of them ) : Ans Column I Column II Ca binds to calmodulin 1. Binds calcium in skeletal muscle cells Ca binds to troponin 2. Occurs in smooth muscles only Type II muscle fibers 3. Is the primary source of Ca that drives muscle contraction Troponin 4. depend on glycolysis as a source of energy H zone 5. Anchors thin filaments together Z line 6. sheath of connective tissue surrounds a bundle of muscle fibres Sarcomere 7. The region of thick filaments that has no overlap with thin filaments Actin and myosin 8. Is the functional unit of skeletal muscle Perimysium 9. Occurs in skeletal and cardiac muscles Sarcoplasmic reticulum 10. Generate the mechanical force of a muscle through…arrow_forwardA (low or high frequency) of action potentials results in the fusion of muscle twitches to produce (incomplete tetanus or complete tetanus).arrow_forwardSkeletal muscle cells have the ability to do all of the following EXCEPT _____. activating other muscle cells to contract producing force while shortening responding to chemicals released by nerve cells rebounding to their former length after being stretchedarrow_forward
- Part B - Electrical and Chemical Events of Muscle Contraction Match the type of articulation with the best description of either its functionality or arrangement of tissue. > View Available Hint(s) Reset Help Motor unit Also known as an 1Cimpulse, 1D a(n) is an electrical signal that is produced on Neurotransmitters excitable membrane such as muscle and nerve tissue. All-or-none principle are chemicals released at the synaptic terminal of a neuron that can transmit an Muscle fatigue Sm impulse to a muscle fiber. Action potential A muscle fiber is either contracted or it's not. This is the Recruitment A runner competing in the 50-yard dash has muscles in the legs that are undergoing Complete tetanus is described as àll the muscle fibers controlled by the same motor neuron. is the process by which a muscle produces more force to pick up a brick verses a feather. You are at the finish line of the Boston Marathon and see a runner fall a few yards from the finish line. This runner is…arrow_forward___________ crosses the synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber and is responsibile for stimulating muscle contraction.arrow_forwardA _____________ is a bundle of muscle fibers and is surrounded by connective tissue called ______________.arrow_forward
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