LABOR ECONOMICS
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781260004724
Author: BORJAS
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Question
Chapter 10, Problem 4P
(a)
To determine
Define the market clearing wage and the number of workers in both sectors.
(b)
To determine
Identify the number of workers hired in Sectors 1 and 2.
(c)
To determine
Explain the union wage gap, union wage effect, and the spill over effect.
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3. The general assumption is that the demand for labour usually goes hand in hand with the demand for product. That is, the higher the demand for product, the higher will be the demand for labour. Is this always true? Use specific examples from your readings and models discussed on the course to facilitate your answer. (800 words only)
Q8
In the Canadian labour market, demand for labour can be impacted by elasticity of the product in which labour is an input. Suppose that the labour cost to total cost ratio in industry A (cannabis sector) is 14 percent, while in industry B (fertilizer sector) it is 68 percent. Other things equal, labour demand will be
Multiple Choice
more elastic in industry B than in A.
constant in both industries A and B.
relatively elastic in both industries A and B.
relatively inelastic in both industries A and B.
more elastic in industry A than in B.
Consider the labour markets for skilled labour and unskilled labour.
The labour demand curve for skilled workers is given by w = e(150 - 5L)/100. The labour demand curve for unskilled workers is w = 50 - 2L. The labour supply for each of the two labour markets is given by L = 20.
The effort of firm's skilled workers depends on their wage according to the following schedule:
wage (w)
20
25
30
35
40
45
Effort (e)
16
24
30
34
36
36
a) Calculate the equilibrium employment, unemployment, and wage for unskilled workers.
b) Calculate the profit-maximizing contract (w,e).
c) Calculate the equilibrium employment, unemployment, and wage for skilled workers.
d) In a single labeled graph in (w - L), illustrate the labour market equilibria for skilled and unskilled workers.
e) Calculate the cumulative income distribution for each labour market by reporting the cumulative shares for the following percentiles: 50% and 100%.
f) In a single graph, construct the Lorenz curve representing labour…
Chapter 10 Solutions
LABOR ECONOMICS
Ch. 10 - Prob. 1RQCh. 10 - Prob. 2RQCh. 10 - Prob. 3RQCh. 10 - Prob. 4RQCh. 10 - Prob. 5RQCh. 10 - Prob. 6RQCh. 10 - Prob. 7RQCh. 10 - Prob. 8RQCh. 10 - Prob. 9RQCh. 10 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 10 - Prob. 11RQCh. 10 - Prob. 1PCh. 10 - Prob. 2PCh. 10 - Prob. 3PCh. 10 - Prob. 4PCh. 10 - Prob. 5PCh. 10 - Prob. 6PCh. 10 - Prob. 7PCh. 10 - Prob. 8PCh. 10 - Prob. 9PCh. 10 - Prob. 10PCh. 10 - Prob. 11PCh. 10 - Prob. 12PCh. 10 - Prob. 13PCh. 10 - Major League Baseball players are not eligible for...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15P
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Similar questions
- Consider the labour market for farms during the harvest season. Assume the market is perfectly competitive, with a labour demand function QD = 10-P and a labour supply function QS = 3P, where P is the wage. a) What are the consumer (farm owners) surplus and producer (farm workers) surplus in equilibrium? b) What is the price elasticity of demand at the equilibrium? c) Suppose the government subsides the farm owners (consumers) $1 for every unit of labour purchased. Then, compute the quantity of labour traded in the market, the wage received by the workers and the wage paid by the farm owners. d) Calculate the consumer surplus and producer surplus in the presence of the subsidy in part c).arrow_forwardSuppose that demand is given by p=10Y^(-1/5) and labor supply is w=4L^(2) If marginal product is 10 and market price is 4 then a. What is the wage in a competitive market b. What is the wage in a market where the firm had monopoly power in the goods market c. What is the wage in a market where the firm has monopoly power in the goods marketarrow_forwardThe graph above shows a labor market and a typical individual firm that is hiring labor from that market. (a) If WM = WF, from what type of labor market does the firm hire its workers? (b) Assume the productivity of workers increases as a result of improvement in technology. What will happen to each of the following in the short run? The market demand for labor (i) The wage rate the firm will pay Explain.arrow_forward
- In a particular industry, labor supply is ES = 10 + w and labor demand is ED = 40 - 4w,where E is the level of employment and w is the hourly wage.(a) What is the equilibrium wage and employment if the labor market is competitive?arrow_forwardSuppose that in a competitive output market, firms hire labor from a competitive labor market (so that the profit maximization conditions for hiring labor are as we discussed in class). If a profit-maximizing firm in this market gets an improvement in technology that increases the marginal product of labor for any given unit of labor it employs, and if the market wage stays constant, we would expect the firm to Group of answer choices a) offer a lower wage and hire fewer units of labor. b) hire more units of labor. c) do none of the other options. d) keep the number of units of labor the same. e) hire fewer units of labor (i.e., workers) because it could produce more than before with fewer people.arrow_forward(1) If the demand for product Y increases significantly, then A- the demand for the labor used to make Y decreases. B-the quantity of labor supplied to produce Y will decrease. C-the supply of labor to produce Y will increase. D-only the quantity demanded of labor increases E-the demand for the labor used to make Y increases (2)If the wage in a perfectly competitive labor market is $15 and the marginal product of the last worker employed is 3 units, what must be the market price for the good being produced? Assume a perfectly competitive output market. A- $5. B-$12. C-$15. D-$18. E-$45arrow_forward
- LABOR DEMAND, PART 1 Suppose output, Q, is produced by labor, L, and capital, K, according to the following function: Q = K ½ L½.. Suppose the firm sells each unit of output in a competitive market for a price P = $100. Suppose the firm hires each unit of labor in a competitive market for a wage W = $25. Suppose the firm has to make do for now with a stock of capital K = 49; moreover, suppose each unit of capital costs R = $75. A. How much labor will be demanded by the firm? Demonstrate and explain. B. At the "optimal" quantity of labor, what is the capital-to-labor ratio K/L? Demonstrate and explain. C. Utilizing the "optimal" quantity of labor, how much profit will the firm earn?arrow_forwarda) If Wm = Wf from what type of labor market does the firm hire its workers? b) Assume the productivity of workers increases as a result of improvement in technology. What will happen to each of the following in the short run? i) The market demand for labor ii)The wage rate the firm will pay c) Suppose the firm only produces good X and that the price of good Y, a substitute good, decreases. What will happen to the optimal quantity of labor the firm will hire? Explain. d) If the labor market were a monopsony, would the monopsonist hire more, fewer, or the same number of workers as QM to maximize its profit?arrow_forward
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