Macroeconomics
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780134896441
Author: ABEL, Andrew B., BERNANKE, Ben, CROUSHORE, Dean Darrell
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 2AP
To determine
To Evaluate: Effects on different economic variable under different condition using IS-LM model.
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Assume that an economy is experiencing simultaneous equilibrium in both the product market and money market. Furthermore, assume the MPC is currently around a normal level of 0.65 and the sensitivity of real money demand to also around a normal level. If the MPC rises to 0.8 and also the sensitivity of real money demand to changes in the income rises well, use the IS-LM model to illustrate the impact of an expansionary fiscal policy. Label the initial point prioer to the fiscal policy as A and the new point following the expansionary policy as B.
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Assume that fiscal policy can be accomplished by changing only one of G and T. In the IS-LM framework, suppose the effect on the general equilibrium output is the same between expansionary fiscal policy and expansionary monetary policy. Which one would you expect to have a greater impact on the equilibrium consumption?
Show using the IS-LM graph the impact of an expansionary fiscal policy if the LM curve is vertical. If you were the Economic Planner in this country, how would you implement the fiscal policy without causing any crowding out of private investment? (You may insert a snapshot of the graph if drawn manually
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- Assume there is a decrease in the aggregate demand, if expansionary fiscal policy is being used, the following action could be taken a. increase consumption by raising disposable income through cuts in personal taxes or payroll taxes b. increasing government spending by raising after-tax profits through cuts in business taxes c. increase government purchases through increased Federal Government spending on final goods and services and raising grants to state and local government to increase their expenditures on final goods and services d. All of the abovearrow_forwardb) What does the IS-LM-PC model imply about the MR effects of fiscal expansion? When is a fiscal expansion needed?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about Fiscal Policy is INCORRECT (a) In order to combat inflation, the South African Reserve Bank must apply a contractionary fiscal policy; (b) A contractionary fiscal policy can result in higher levels of unemployment; (c) Expansionary fiscal policy will increase the budget deficit; (d) The application of fiscal policy will have no effect on aggregate supply in the AD‐AS model. If the inflation rate is 6% and Susan receives a 6% increase in income, then, over the year, Susan’s: (a) Real and nominal income both remain unchanged; (b) Real and nominal income both rise; (c) Real income rises but nominal income remains unchanged; (d) Nominal income rises but real income remains unchanged. Given the import function, Z = 300 + 2/3Y, which of the following statements is correct? The marginal propensity to save is 1/3; The induced component is 300; 2/3 is the proportion of any income spent on imports; None of…arrow_forward
- Identify a change in fiscal policy that will shift the composition of output toward investment. Present a composition of output analysis to explain why the policy you suggest will tend to shift the composition of output toward investment.arrow_forwardAssume that an economy is experiencing simultaneous equilibrium in both the product market and money market. Furthermore, assume the MPC is currently around a normal level of 0.65 and the sensitivity of real money demand to also around a normal level. Using the AD-AS model and IS-LM model illustrate the impact of an expansionary fiscal policy. Label the initial points in both diagrams as A and the new points following the policy change as B. If the MPC rises to 0.8 and also the sensitivity of real money demand to changes in the income rises well, use the IS-LM model to illustrate the impact of an expansionary fiscal policy. Label the initial point prioer to the fiscal policy as A and the new point following the expansionary policy as B. explain the reasons that underly differences in policy effectiveness.arrow_forwardConsider the IS/LM model. Show the effects of the following policies on Y and r on a graph: a) Contractionary fiscal policy b) Expansionary fiscal policyarrow_forward
- If investment and consumption expenditures fall and cause GDP to fall, what is an appropriate fiscal policy? increase monetary base growth and decrease interest rates increase taxes and decrease government expenditures decrease monetary base growth and increase interest rates decrease taxes and increase government expendituresarrow_forwardAssume a hypothetical closed economy. The National income identity expression for this economy is given as follows; Y= C + I + G, where C = α + β (Y – T), I is autonomous investment spending and G represents Govt purchases. Suppose that marginal propensity to consume is 0.70 . If the Government decreases spending by kshs 300 billion, calculate the change in real income If the Government increases taxes by kshs 200 billion, calculate the change in real income If the Government decreases spending by kshs 500 billion and at the same time decreases taxes by kshs 400 billion, calculate the change in real income.arrow_forwardWhich of the following methods would best describe a deflationary fiscal policy? Select one: a) Taxes decrease Public spending increases b) Taxes increases Public spending decreases c) Taxes decrease Public spending constant d) Taxes decrease Public sending decreases e) Taxes incraese Public spending increasesarrow_forward
- Suppose a closed economy with no government spending which in equilibrium is producing an output and income of 2250. Suppose also that the marginal propensity to consume is 0.75, and that, if at full employment, the economy would produce an output and income of 3050 By how much would the government need to cut taxes (T) to bring the economy to full employment?arrow_forwardIf the equilibrium real GDP were higher than potential GDP, then a contractionary fiscal policy would cause the inflation rate to be ________ and real GDP to be ________. a. higher; higher b. higher; lower c. lower; higher d. lower; lowerarrow_forward10.2 In which of the following circumstances is expansionary fiscal policy more likely to lead to a short-run increase in investment?Explain. a)When the investment accelarator is large or when it is small? 11.1 Explain how each of the following developments would effect the supply of money,the demand for maoney, and the interest rate.Illustrate your answers with diagrams. e)A wave of optimism boosts business investment and exapands aggregate demand.arrow_forward
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