Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 8TYU
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
Based on the results of the mouse coloration case study, propose a hypothesis researchers might use to further study the role or predators in the natural selection process
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Compare and contrast the five patterns of natural selection that drive adaptation.
Creation and presence of variation are
directionless, but natural selection is directional
as it is in the context of adaptation. Comment.
1) Select the option that is a scientific hypothesis and is testable and false able?(Choose all that apply).
A) Heliocentrism, the hypothesis that the Earth orbits the Sun.
B) Evolution by Natural Selection.
C) Geocentrism, the hypothesis that the Sun circles the Earth.
D) Intelligent Design, the statement that a supernatural designer shapes life.
E) The theory of Kin Selection, that individuals treat kin preferentially relative to non-kin.
2) Cows were domesticated from wolves approximately 20,000 years ago, likely in Europe . Mutation rates in cows are likely less than 0.005 mutations per genome per cell per generation. At present, over 300 cow breeds, distinct in behavior and appearance, are recognized. The mutation rates are clearly not high enough to account the evolution of all this biological distinctiveness. What accounts for all this variation? Choose all that apply.
A) Rare, recessive alleles may have been “hidden” in heterozygotes.
B) The characteristics upon which breeds…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 1.1 - Starting with the molecular level in Figure 1.3,...Ch. 1.1 - Identify me theme or themes exemplified by (a) the...Ch. 1.1 - WHAT IF? For each theme discussed in this section...Ch. 1.2 - How is a mailing address analogous to biologys...Ch. 1.2 - Explain why editing is an appropriate metaphor for...Ch. 1.2 - DRAW IT Recent evidence indicates that fungi and...Ch. 1.3 - Contrast inductive reasoning with deductive...Ch. 1.3 - What qualitative observation led to the...Ch. 1.3 - Why is natural selection called a theory?Ch. 1.3 - How does science differ from technology?
Ch. 1 - All the organisms on your campus make up A. an...Ch. 1 - Which of the following best demonstrates the unity...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 1 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 1 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 1 - DRAW IT With rough sketches, draw a biological...Ch. 1 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Based on the results of the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 1 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION In a short essay (100-150),...Ch. 1 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION A typical prokaryotic cell...Ch. 1 - SYNTHESI7F YOUR KNOWLEDGE Can you pick out the...
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- Define natural selection using the 5 points below to explain its role in understanding primate behavior. (1) there is variation among individuals; (2) some of that variation is heritable; (3) there is always competition between individuals for resources; (4) some variants outcompete other variants and leave more offspring; (5) to the extent that the parent's traits are heritable, then a larger portion of the next generation will reflect those traits.arrow_forwardUsing some contemporary examples, explain how natural selection results in evolutionary change.arrow_forwardDiscuss how movement and migration behaviors are a result of natural selectionarrow_forward
- When discussing natural selection and behaviour, we often say that members of a species have certain behavioural traits because those traits are adaptive, in the sense that they increase inclusive fitness relative to alternative forms of those traits that have existed in the past. Instead of emphasizing the adaptiveness of behavioural traits, some biologists describe natural selection as a process that operates on nervous system traits, increasing the prevalence within a population of particular patterns of neural circuitry and neurobiological mechanisms. As an alternative to emphasizing either the behaviour or the nervous system, some biologists describe natural selection as a process that operates on genes; according to this perspective, certain forms of certain genes (ie., particular alleles) increase in prevalence within a population relative to alternative forms of those genes. Which, if any, of these three perspectives on natural selection and behaviour do you think is the most…arrow_forwardAlternatively, selection may be performed during mating, where mating is done after a selection process of one of the sexes. The surviving individuals can pass on their (1) to the next generation. When these variations are sustained over a long time and the population changes so that it can no longer (2) with the parent population, a new species is said to have evolved.arrow_forwardDescribe how natural selection can create new species through reinforcement.arrow_forward
- Simmons and Scheepers in their article Winning by a Neck present evidence that the long neck of the giraffe is the result of: Select one: a.genetic drift b.inheritance of acquired characteristics c.intersexual selection d.intrasexual selection e.natural selectionarrow_forwardIn your own words, how does Competition and selection support natural selection? Use at least 1 example from the Beaks of Finches lab in your answer.arrow_forwardSexual and Ecological selection often oppose each other: give 2 examplesarrow_forward
- In the US, many farmers regularly use the herbicide glyphosate to keep their fields free from weeds. Now, however, they are reporting the presence and spread of “superweeds” which are resistant to the said herbicide. Give a brief explanation of this situation using what you learned about natural selection. (Modified from Hoefnagels, 2016)arrow_forwardApply the VIDA table to the evolution of sickle cell disease to justify whether it is an instance of evolution by natural selection. Answer the following questions. Is there variation in this trait in the population? How exactly does it vary? Is the trait at least partly inherited? Is there selection for this trait in a particular environment? (What is the selective pressure? And how does a trait give an advantage or disadvantage in that environment?) What is the evidence that this trait makes organisms better adapted to their environment?arrow_forwardMatch the following examples with the type of natural selection they are describing: .A Stabilizing selection B. Disruptive selection C. Directional selection Natural selection selecting against very high and very low testosterone levels in a population, leading to relatively stable testosterone levels over time A finch species arriving to an island with only insects and large seeds, with natural selection favoring very thin and very thick beaks, but not medium beaks. A population of bacteria evolving to have an increasingly higher resistance against antibiotics A rodent population evolving to a progressively smaller size to enable better thermoregulationarrow_forward
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