Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781260411140
Author: Cleveland P Hickman Jr. Emeritus, Susan L. Keen, David J Eisenhour Professor PhD, Allan Larson, Helen I'Anson Associate Professor of Biology
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 1, Problem 7RQ
Summary Introduction
To hypothesize: The series of events through which the bacteria present in the gut of cattle becomes essential for the survival of cattle.
Introduction: The microbiome present in the gut of cattle is essential for the survival of the cattle as it digests the cellulose for their nutrition. A series of events explains the evolution of bacteria from the one which is not needed for survival to the one which has become necessary for survival.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
Ch. 1 - Why is life difficult to define?Ch. 1 - What are the basic chemical differences that...Ch. 1 - Describe the hierarchical organization of life....Ch. 1 - What is the relationship between heredity and...Ch. 1 - Describe how evolution of complex organisms is...Ch. 1 - Using characteristics of how they obtain...Ch. 1 - Prob. 7RQCh. 1 - What are the essential characteristics of science?...Ch. 1 - Use studies of natural selection in British moth...Ch. 1 - How do we distinguish the terms hypothesis,...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- According to the endosymbiotic theory, why was it adaptive for the larger (host) cell to keep the engulfed cell alive, rather than digesting it as food? A. The host cell would have been poisoned if it had digested the engulfed cell. B. The host cell was able to survive anaerobic conditions with the engulfed cell alive. C. The engulfed cell provided the host cell with CO2 D. The engulfed cell provided the host cell with ATP. E. The engulfed cell allowed the host cell to metabolize glucose.arrow_forwardAntibiotic-resistant bacteria may expend extra energy and resources to produce special compounds and carry extra genetic material to protect themselves against antibiotics. Predict what might happen to these bacteria if they are not exposed to antibiotics for many generations.arrow_forwardInfluenza and smallpox are diseases caused by different types of viruses. Scientists must produce a new influenza vaccine each year, whereas the smallpox vaccine eradicated the disease. Explain these results from an evolutionary perspective.arrow_forward
- Long ago, many people believed that living things could come from nonliving things. They thought that worms came from wood and that maggots came from decaying meat. This idea was called spontaneous generation. In 1668, an Italian biologist, Francesco Redi, did experiments to prove that maggots did not come from meat. One of his experiments is described below. Redi placed pieces of meat in several jars. He divided the jars into two groups. He covered the first group of jars with fine cloth. He left the second group of jars uncovered. Redi observed the jars for several days. He saw flies on the cloth of the covered jars, and he saw flies laying eggs on the meat in the uncovered jars. Maggots appeared only on the meat in the group of jars left uncovered. What was the question in Redi's experiment? O Is spontaneous generation a valid explanation for maggots in meats? O How do maggots appear in meats? O Are jars a good place to grow maggots?arrow_forwardCyanobacteria was responsible for the increase in oxygen levels billions of years ago. They play a decisive role in changing the earth’s environment. Explain how are Cyanobacteria related in changing the early earth’s environment which later suitable for the development of other organisms.arrow_forwardAccording to Lynn Margulis's theory of endosymbiosis, bacteria entered large cells either as parasites or as undigested prey as illustrated. All the following are proof that mitochondria and chloroplast evolved from bacteria, except: Endosymbiosis in a nutshell: 1. Start with two 2. One bacterium engulfs the other. 3. One bacterium now lives inside the other. independent bacteria. 4. Both bacteria benefit from the arrangement. 5. The internal bacteria are passed on from generation to generation. O a they each have a double membrane they have chromosomes similar in shape to their host they are the size of bacteria their DNA is different from its hostarrow_forward
- Describe three pieces of evidence for the Endosymbiotic theory.arrow_forwardDraw a simple sketch illustrating the way in which aerobic bacteria are hypothesized to have become incorporated into an original prokaryotic host cell.arrow_forwardAnalyses of genomes have allowed researchers to determine that some cells have very small genomes. If you were asked to predict which organisms are likely to have smaller genomes than others, which option below would be MOST likely? A. Bacteria that live in plant hosts are likely to have smaller genomes than those that live in animal hosts as it takes a smaller variety of metabolic processes to survive in an animal host. B. Although less is known about Archaea than about Bacteria as fewer species have been studied, it is likely that Archaea have smaller genomes on average than Bacteria as they have fewer metabolic needs. C. Bacteria that are endosymbionts, living within a host, can survive with smaller genomes than free-living Bacteria because they can rely on their host for many of their needs. D. Protists generally have had smaller genomes than Bacteria because Bacteria have such large amounts of noncoding DNA.arrow_forward
- Bacteria populations displayed genetic variation such as antibiotic resistance due to mutation which is the likely source of mutationarrow_forwardThe theory of endosymbiosis explains how or why ○ free living bacteria became Eukaryotic organelles ○ human guts evolved to have a microbiome ○ Eukaryotic cells acquired their nuclei ○ large food particles can be consumed by Eukaryotes, but not bacteriaarrow_forwardWolbachia is a genus of bacteria that infect cells of invertebrates. Surveys have found that up to a fifth of insect species have at least some individuals infected with Wolbachia. Pathogen or parasite? This endosymbiont (a symbiont that lives inside its host) bacteria can have many effects on its host, including killing offspring and changing the sex of offspring. Ary Hoffmann from the University of Melbourne in Australia, Michael Turelli from the University of California at Davis, and their associates have been studying Wolbachia infections in populations of Drosophila simulans from California. From the initial infection around 1980, Wolbachia infection spread northward across the state during the 1980s and 1990s. The most striking manifestation of infection in this fly species is cytoplasmic incompatibility: offspring produced in crosses where males are infected and the females are uninfected tend to die early in development. In crosses between infected males and infected females,…arrow_forward
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