Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781260411140
Author: Cleveland P Hickman Jr. Emeritus, Susan L. Keen, David J Eisenhour Professor PhD, Allan Larson, Helen I'Anson Associate Professor of Biology
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 1, Problem 5RQ
Describe how evolution of complex organisms is compalible with the second law of
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The evolution of life requires the organization of a very large number of molecules into biological cells. Does the formation of living organisms violate the Second Law of thermodynamics? State your conclusion clearly and present detailed arguments to support it.
Which of the following statements about the evolution of life on Earth, from simple prokaryote-like
cells to multicellular eukaryotic organisms, is true?
By resulting in such diversity and complexity of life, it is an exception to the second law of thermodynamics.
It has occurred in accordance with the laws of thermodynamics and resulted in a substantial increase in the
total energy in the universe.
It has occurred in accordance with the laws of thermodynamics and resulted in a substantial decrease in the
entropy of the planet.
It has occurred in accordance with the laws of thermodynamics and resulted in a substantial increase in the
entropy of the planet.
Which of the following statements best describes a relationship between the evolution of multicellular life on Earth and the laws of thermodynamics?
Evolution represents a rare exception to the second law of thermodynamics because it has resulted in such a vast diversity of complex organisms.
Evolution has occurred in accordance with the laws of thermodynamics and resulted in a decrease in the entropy of the universe.
Evolution has occurred in accordance with the laws of thermodynamics and resulted in a substantial increase in the total energy in the universe.
Evolution has occurred in accordance with the laws of thermodynamics and resulted in an increase in the entropy of the universe.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
Ch. 1 - Why is life difficult to define?Ch. 1 - What are the basic chemical differences that...Ch. 1 - Describe the hierarchical organization of life....Ch. 1 - What is the relationship between heredity and...Ch. 1 - Describe how evolution of complex organisms is...Ch. 1 - Using characteristics of how they obtain...Ch. 1 - Prob. 7RQCh. 1 - What are the essential characteristics of science?...Ch. 1 - Use studies of natural selection in British moth...Ch. 1 - How do we distinguish the terms hypothesis,...
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- Explain why living things are unique thermodynamic systems.arrow_forwardRefute the following: “According to evolutionary theory, organisms have increased in complexity through time. However, an increase in complexity contradicts the second law of thermodynamics. Therefore, evolution is impossible.”arrow_forwardExplain the first law of thermodynamics and give examplesarrow_forward
- State the first and second laws of thermodynamics, and discuss the implications of these laws as they relate to organisms.arrow_forwardThe first law of thermodynamics states that the amount of energy in the universe is constant, but that the various forms of energy can be interconverted. Describe four different types of such energy transduction that occur in living organisms and provide one example for eacharrow_forward1) Which of the following statements is true for the Second Law of Thermodynamics? a) ΔS (Sfinal-Sinitial) for the system is negative. b) The living system is not exchanging heat nor matter. c) Energy is conserved in the universe. d) The biological system never reach equilibrium.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is/are true concerning the first law of thermodynamics? A) Energy cannot be created or destroyed. B) The total amount of energy in the universe is constant. C) Energy can be converted from one form to another. D) It is sometimes referred to as the law of conservation of energy. E) All of the above are true.arrow_forwardWhich of the following defines the first law of thermodynamics? A. Energy cannot be created or destroyed B. The capacity to do work C. The energy stored in the arrangement of objects in a system D. Energy tends to disperse spontaneouslyarrow_forwardThe Miller- Urey Experiment In the Stanley Miller and Harald Urey designed experiments that tested Alexander Oparin's and J.B.S. Haldane's hypothesis that conditions on the primitive Earth favored chemical reactions that synthesized more complex organic compounds from simpler organic precursors. Miller and Urey used an apparatus that recreated the conditions of what a primitive Earth was thought to consist of at the time. Methane, hydrogen , and steam were all Included to recreate conditions similar to that of a primitive Earth. Their goal was to create complex organic molecules from the simple organic molecules that were believed to be part of primitive Earth's makeup. The Miller- Urey experiment was run for a week and the samples collected were analyzedAnalysis showed that some of the carbon in the apparatus was converted to amino acids molecules, In later experiments , similar to Miller and Urey's, it has been shown that it is possible to form all 20 amino acids commonly found in…arrow_forward
- Which of the following is TRUE regarding the second law of thermodynamics? The quality of the energy in the universe increases over time. The entropy of the universe is always increasing. Energy is conserved in the universe. The energy of the universe is always increasing. Entropy is conserved in the universe.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. thermodynamics b. bioenergetics c. entropy d. enthalpy e. free energyarrow_forwardDescribe how thermodynamics and metabolic are relatearrow_forward
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