a)
Interpretation : The independent variable is to be identified.
Concept Introduction : The experiment when constructed usually deals with variables or factors that change.
a)
Answer to Problem 69A
The independent variable is the type of paper towel.
Explanation of Solution
The independent variable is the one that can be modified during an experiment. It is also called a manipulated variable.
A dependent variable is measured during an experiment. It is also called a responding variable.
An independent variable keeps changing during an experiment whereas the dependent variable changes according to the independent variable.
According to the definitions, the type of paper towel will be the independent variable.
b)
Interpretation : The dependent variable is to be identified.
Concept Introduction : The experiment when constructed usually deals with variables or factors that change.
b)
Answer to Problem 69A
The three possible dependent variables that could be used to define “best” are the cost of the paper towel, how easily the paper towel tears off, and the absorbance of moisture by the towel.
Explanation of Solution
The independent variable is the one that can be modified during an experiment. It is also called a manipulated variable.
A dependent variable is measured during an experiment. It is also called a responding variable.
An independent variable keeps changing during an experiment whereas the dependent variable changes according to the independent variable.
The three possible dependent variables that could be used to define “best” are the cost of the paper towel, how easily the paper towel tears off, and the absorbance of moisture by the towel.
c)
Interpretation : The hypothesis for the dependent variable to be proposed.
Concept Introduction : The experiment when constructed usually deals with variables or factors that change.
c)
Answer to Problem 69A
The hypothesis is “The cost-efficient paper towel among the other paper towels”.
Explanation of Solution
The independent variable is the one that can be modified during an experiment. It is also called a manipulated variable.
A dependent variable is measured during an experiment. It is also called a responding variable.
An independent variable keeps changing during an experiment whereas the dependent variable changes according to the independent variable.
A hypothesis is a theory put up to explain an observable. Only if it explains what is witnessed is it valuable.
The dependent variable is the cost of the paper towel.
The hypothesis is “The cost-efficient paper towel among the other paper towels”.
d)
Interpretation : The five factors that are kept constant when the hypothesis are tested is to be listed.
Concept Introduction : The experiment when constructed usually deals with variables or factors that change.
d)
Answer to Problem 69A
The list of factors that are kept constant during the test of the hypothesis is
- Moisture level to be absorbed by the paper towel.
- Area of testing
- Quantity of moisture.
- Style of measuring.
- Experimenter.
Explanation of Solution
The independent variable is the one that can be modified during an experiment. It is also called a manipulated variable.
A dependent variable is measured during an experiment. It is also called a responding variable.
An independent variable keeps changing during an experiment whereas the dependent variable changes according to the independent variable.
A hypothesis is a theory put up to explain an observable. Only if it explains what is witnessed is it valuable.
The list of factors that are kept constant during the test of the hypothesis is
- Moisture level to be absorbed by the paper towel.
- Area of testing
- Quantity of moisture.
- Style of measuring.
- Experimenter.
Chapter 1 Solutions
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