Essential Biology with Physiology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781323260999
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jelly A. Hogan, Jane B. Reece, Custom Edition for Professor Davison
Publisher: Pearson Custom Publishing
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Chapter 1, Problem 3SQ
Plants use the process of photosynthesis to convert the energy in sunlight to chemical energy in the form of sugar. While doing so, they consume carbon dioxide and water and release oxygen. Explain how this process functions in both the cycling of chemical nutrients and the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
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During a La nifia event, the temperature of the Pacific Ocean near Central America becomes cooler than normal. As a result, more clouds form, and this can block sunlight from reaching plants in Central America forests. A researcher studying the effects of La nifia measured the amount of carbon dioxide ( CO,) uptake by tropical plants under different light intensities.The data are shown in the graph.
Predict how a la nifia event effects the rate of photosynthesis by plants in the tropical forests of Central America. Provide evidence from the graph to support your prediction. Enter your answer in the box provided.
As the sun shines on Earth, plants use its energy to complete the process of photosynthesis. Energy is transformed during the process into chemical energy in the form of sugars, such as carbohydrates. However, the energy available at top consumers is much less than that produced by autotrophs. Why is this so?
Explain why transpiration is best explained as a consequence of acquiring CO2 from the atmosphere, as opposed to temperature regulation, nutrient transport, or the use of water as a substrate in photosynthesis.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Essential Biology with Physiology
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1SQCh. 1 - Prob. 2SQCh. 1 - Plants use the process of photosynthesis to...Ch. 1 - For each of the following organisms, match its...Ch. 1 - How does natural selection cause a population to...Ch. 1 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 1 - Prob. 7SQCh. 1 - Prob. 8SQCh. 1 - Match each of the following terms to the phrase...Ch. 1 - The fruits of wild species of tomato are tiny...
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- Identify each statement below as True or False. * Another name for phase I of photosynthesis is electron transport. Phase I of photosynthesis stores energy in NADPH molecules. Photosynthesis takes place inside the mitochondria. Energy is stored in water molecules during phase I of photosynthesis. Phase I of photosynthesis is also known a the light- dependent reactions. Photosynthesis phase I stores energy that is used to power phase II. Phase I of photosynthesis stores energy in ATP molecules. Phase I of photosynthesis can only take place when light is available. Light is not required for phase I of photosynthesis. The process of photosynthesis takes in the chloroplasts of a cell. place True ο ο ο ο ο ο ο ο False O оarrow_forwardDraw a diagram of the dark phase of photosynthesis. You must represent this phase in the form of a cycle indicating the parts of carboxylation, reduction, generation of hexoses and regeneration. Ribulose, CO2, rubisco, phosphoglycerate (PGA), bisphosphoglycerate, phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL), ATP, ADP, NADPH, NADP, kinase, fructose, and glucose should appear.arrow_forwardCarbon, in the form of CO2, must be taken from the atmosphere and attached to an existingorganic molecule in the Calvin cycle. Therefore, the carbon is bound to the molecule. Theproducts of the cycle only occur because of the added carbon. What are the products of theCalvin cycle and what is regenerated? Based on your understanding of the process ofphotosynthesis, predict what will happen to a plant leaf that loses CO2 too quickly.arrow_forward
- Imagine you are a botanist and you recently discovered a new species of plant in the unexplored regions of the Amazon Rainforest. This plant thrives in the diverse ecosystem of the Amazon and, surprisingly, can survive with limited sunlight. This unique attribute of the plant could have potential impacts on both the field of ecology and various industries. Your primary research focus is now to investigate the efficiency of photosynthesis in this plant, specifically analyzing the structure of the chloroplasts and the distribution of pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids) utilizing microscopy techniques. Both traditional fluorescence microscopy (FM) and CSM are capable of identifying the distribution of pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids). How does the process of stimulating fluorescence and detection vary between these two microscopy techniques? Given these differences, which method would be more likely to yield superior results for your research? Please provide your reasons, taking…arrow_forwardChloroplasts contain chlorophyll and carotenoids. Chlorophyll directly absorbs light for use in photosynthesis. Carotenoids absorb light and transfer the energy from light to chlorophyll. The efficiency of photosynthesis varies with the wavelengths of the light that illuminates the chloroplasts. In an experiment to study the relationship between the incoming light wavelengths and the chemical reactions of photosynthesis using a species of green algae, a researcher labeled the CO2 supply to the algae with 14C, and the H2O with 18O. Which of the following results is expected? More 14C is found in the algae when it is illuminated by green light than when it is illuminated by blue-violet and red light. More 18O is found in the algae when it is illuminated by green light than when it is illuminated by blue-violet and red light. More 14C is found in the algae when it is illuminated by blue-violet and red light than when it is illuminated by green light. More 18O is found in the algae when…arrow_forwardWhat are three ways that carbon is released into the atmosphere?arrow_forward
- Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration in the cycling of chemicals and flow of energy in ecosystems.arrow_forwardRice is the number one food crop, feeding over 50% of the world's population. Some scientists estimate that at the current rate of population growth, rice farmers will need to produce 50% more rice per hectare by 2050. Researchers are working to increase the photosynthetic efficiency of rice to meet the concern over food shortage. Using your knowledge of photosynthesis, suggest features of the plant and photosynthetic process that could be modified.arrow_forwardCells are open systems that exchange matter and energy with their surroundings. Which of the following best explains why plant cells require sunlight to make organic compounds, according to Gibbs’s theory of free energy? The photosynthetic reaction releases free energy to the surroundings. The photosynthetic reaction’s free energy is in equilibrium. The reactants of photosynthesis have less free energy than the products. The change in free energy (∆G) of the photosynthetic system is less than zero.arrow_forward
- It is possible that you recently discovered a new species of plant in the Amazon Rainforest. It is surprising that this plant can survive with limited sunlight in the diverse ecosystem of the Amazon. The plants unique quality has the potential to have a significant impact on both the realm of ecology and diverse sectors. Your primary research focus is now to investigate the efficiency of photosynthesis in this plant, specifically analyzing the structure of the chloroplasts and the distribution of pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids) utilizing microscopy techniques. Which method is better for looking at the structure of chloroplasts in this plant, confocal scanning microscopy (CSM) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Consider the principles, advantages, and limitations of each method and align them with the goals of your research to justify your answer.arrow_forwardRubisco can bind with CO2 or 02. When it binds with O2, it "wastes" some of the energy captured from the sun. This reaction is photorespiration and is favored at high temperatures and low CO2:02 ratios. Which of the following strategies should limit photorespiration (select all that apply). Keep stomata closed. Keep stomata open. Physically separate the light and light-independent reactions. Temporally separate CO2 uptake and fixation.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE about CAM photosynthetic pathway? Compared to the C3 and C4 pathways, CAM photosynthesis results in greater transpiration and water loss. O By separating where carbon is initially fixed inside the leaf tissue, CAM plants can better control the gradient of carbon dioxide between the air and their leaves. CAM photosynthesis is more energy efficient than C3 photosynthesis. Compared to C3 and C4 photosynthetic pathways, the rate of CAM photosynthesis is limited.arrow_forward
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Photosynthesis & Respiration | Reactions | Chemistry | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XIyweZg6Sw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY