Concept explainers
a. After the label fell off a bottle containing a clear liquid believed to be benzene, a chemist measured the density of the liquid to verify its identity. A 25.0-mL portion of the liquid had a mass of 21.95 g. A chemistry handbook lists the density of benzene at15 -C as
0.8787 g/ml. Is the calculated density in agreement with the tabulated value?
b An experiment requires 15 0 g of cyclohexane. whose density at 25 °C is 0.7781 g/ml. What volume of cyclohexane should be used?
c. A spherical ball of lead has a diameter of 5.0 cm. What is the mass of the sphere if lead has a
density of 11.34 g/cm3? (The volume of a sphere is (4 /3) r3, where r is the radius.)
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Test Prep Series for AP Chemistry for Chemistry: The Central Science 14th ed AP
- A 15.5 g sample of sodium carbonate is added to a solution of acetic acid weighing 19.7 g. The two substances react, releasing carbon dioxide gas to the atmosphere. After reaction, the contents of the reaction vessel weigh 28.7 g. What is the mass of carbon dioxide given off during the reaction?arrow_forwardThis year, like many past years, you begin to feel very sleepy alter eating a large helping of Thanksgiving turkey. Some people attribute this sleepiness to the presence of the amino acid tryptophan in turkey. Tryptophan can be used by the body to produce serotonin, which can calm the brains activity and help to bring on sleep. a. What mass in grams of tryptophan is in a 0.25-lb serving of turkey? (Assume tryptophan accounts for 1.0% of the turkey mass.) b. What mass in grams of tryptophan is in 0.25 quart of milk? (Assume tryptophan accounts for 2.0% of milk by mass and that the density of milk is 1.04 kg/L.)arrow_forward1.87 A solution of ethanol in water has a volume of 54.2 mL and a mass of 49.6 g. what information would you need to look up and how would you determine the percentage of ethanol in this solution?arrow_forward
- When 12.6 g calcium carbonate (the principal component of chalk) is treated with 63.0 mL hydrochloric acid (muriatic acid sold in hardware stores; density = 1.096 g/mL), the calcium carbonate reacts with the acid, goes into solution, and carbon dioxide gas bubbles out of the solution. After all of the carbon dioxide has escaped, the solution weighs 76.1 g. Calculate the volume (in liters) of carbon dioxide gas that was produced. (The density of the carbon dioxide gas is 1.798 g/L.)arrow_forwardSix concrete posts are used to support a waterfront pier. Each post has dimensions 14 in x 14 in x 15 ft. The average density of the concrete is 2.4 g/cm3. ( 1g = 1 x 10-6 metric ton) a. Calculate the volume of concrete (in m3) needed to make one post. b. Calculate the total mass in metric tons (t) of all six concrete posts. 13. Earth’s surface area is 5.1 x 108 km2, its crust has an average thickness of 35 km and an average density of 2.8 g/cm3. The two rarest (non-radioactive) elements in the crust are ruthenium and rhodium, each with an abundance of 1.0 x 10-4g/metric ton crust. What is the total mass of these two elements in the earth’s crust? (1g = 1 x 10-6 metric ton) 14. A 200mg piece of gold is hammered into a sheet measuring 2.4ft x 1.0ft, what is the thickness of the sheet in meters? Density of gold is 19.32g/cm3 (1in = 2.54cm, 12in = 1ft)arrow_forward3. A concentrated ammonia has 14.8 M, express this in % w/w. The density of NH₃ is 0.899 g/mL.arrow_forward
- 1. A 100 mg vitamin C tablet weighted 0.645 g. A student crushed the tablet and transferred 0.119 g of the crushed powder into a 100 mL volumetric flask. What is the expected mass of ascorbic acid in the volumetric flask (in mg), according to the vitamin C manufacturer's label? 2. A 100 mg vitamin C tablet weighed 1.681 g. A student crushed the tablet and transferred 0.150 g of the crushed powder into a 100 mL volumetric flask, dissolved the powder in ~30 mL DI water, then filled the flask to the calibration line with DI water and mixed well to create Solution 1. The student then transferred 19.82 mL of Solution 1 into a 100 mL volumetric flask and diluted to the calibration line with DI water to create Solution 2. Calculate the expected concentration (in mM) of ascorbic acid in Solution 2. Hint: Remember that you are starting with a 100 mg vitamin C tablet.arrow_forward17. A contaminated pond has a lead(II) ion concentration of 1.4 mg/L. This pond has a surface area of 135 ft² and an average depth of 2.8 ft. What mass (in grams) of lead could be recovered from the pond? Possibly useful information is shown below: 1 ft³=28.7 L 1 ft³ = 7.48 gallon 1 m = 3.281 ftarrow_forwarda) An acetaminophen suspension for infants contains 80 mg/ 0.80 mL suspension. The recommended dosage is 15 mg/kg body weight. How many mL of this suspension should be given to an infant weighing 6.5 kg? b) A runner wants to run 10.0 km. She knows that her running pace is 3.5 m s- 1. How many minutes must she run?arrow_forward
- 7) How many kilograms is a 27 oz. bag of M&M's? 8) How many kilometers can a car travel on 19 gallons of gas if it gets 28 miles per gallon? 9) How many liters of Kool-Aid would it take to fill a 1.00-gallon pitcher? 10) What is the density of solid with a mass of 27.8 g and volume of 8.41 mL? 1.7 L of aluminum? The density of aluminum is 11) How many grams of aluminum are present 2.70 g/mL. 12) What is the volume (mL) of a piece of gold (d = 19,3 g/mL) with a mass of 0.534 kg?arrow_forward6. Eggs shipped from a poultry farm in trucks. Each carton of eggs holds 12 eggs. The cartons of eggs are then placed in a crate that holds 20 cartons. The cartons are packed in trucks that carry 3125 crates of eggs. How many truckloads will it take to carry 3.75 x 106 eggs?arrow_forwardII. BOILING POINT ELEVATION: The temperature of a boiling 50 mL of distilled water in an Erlenmeyer flask with a small flame was taken to be 98°C. The bulb of the thermometer must not touch the bottom or sides of the Erlenmeyer flask. In another Erlenmeyer flask, 2.83 grams of urea is dissolved in 10 grams of distilled water. The solution was let to boil gently and its boiling point was recorded to be 101°C. DATA AND RESULTS: (Show all pertinent computations on the space provided if applicable. Answers with no computation will not be considered.) Mass of urea in grams Mass of water in grams Boiling point of distilled water in degrees Celsius Boiling point of urea solution in degrees Celsius Molecular weight of urea in g/mol (experimental) Molecular weight of urea in g/mol (calculated) Percent Error of Molecular weights of urea Change in boiling point SOLUTION/S:arrow_forward
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