Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 16Q
Which of the following processes can be the result of human manipulation of microbial genes?
- a. the central dogma
- b. natural selection
- c. bioremediation
- d. abiogenesis
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 1.1 - List the various types of microorganisms that can...Ch. 1.1 - Describe the role and impact of microbes on the...Ch. 1.1 - Explain the theory of evolution and why it is...Ch. 1.1 - Explain the ways that humans manipulate organisms...Ch. 1.1 - Summarize the relative burden of human disease...Ch. 1.1 - Differentiate among bacteria, archaea, and...Ch. 1.1 - Identify an acellular infectious agent that is...Ch. 1.1 - Compare and contrast the relative sizes of the...Ch. 1.1 - Q.Can you think of a logical reason that a microbe...Ch. 1.1 - NCLEX PREP 1. For which of the following disease...
Ch. 1.2 - Make a time line of the development of...Ch. 1.2 - List some recent microbiology discoveries of great...Ch. 1.2 - Identify the important features of the scientific...Ch. 1.3 - Name the four main families of biochemicals.Ch. 1.3 - Provide examples of cell components made from each...Ch. 1.3 - Differentiate among primary, secondary, tertiary,...Ch. 1.3 - List the three components of a nucleotide.Ch. 1.3 - Name the three nitrogen bases of DNA and RNA.Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 1.3 - Recall three characteristics common to all cells.Ch. 1.3 - Q. Use context in the paragraph above to deduce...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 2NPCh. 1.4 - Differentiate among the terms nomenclature,...Ch. 1.4 - Create a mnemonic device for remembering the...Ch. 1.4 - Correctly write the binomial name for a...Ch. 1.4 - Draw a diagram of the three major domains.Ch. 1.4 - Explain the difference between traditional and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1QCh. 1 - Name six types of microorganisms that we are...Ch. 1 - Defend the argument that a web of life is a more...Ch. 1 - Which of the following is a macromolecule that...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5QCh. 1 - Imagine a way you might design a drug to destroy...Ch. 1 - Prob. 7QCh. 1 - Provide an argument about why metabolic...Ch. 1 - Provide a possible interpretation of the finding...Ch. 1 - DNA leads to RNA which can lead to the creation of...Ch. 1 - Compare and contrast the RNA molecule with the DNA...Ch. 1 - Suggest an argument for why eukaryotic cells have...Ch. 1 - Prob. 13QCh. 1 - Defend or refute this statement: Microbes intend...Ch. 1 - Coevolution is a term describing the influence...Ch. 1 - Which of the following processes can be the result...Ch. 1 - Speculate about why scientists believe there are...Ch. 1 - Prob. 18QCh. 1 - When a hypothesis has been thoroughly supported by...Ch. 1 - Defend the use of complicated-sounding names for...Ch. 1 - Identify the most important component of the...Ch. 1 - Figure 1.2 Look at the red bat (the time that...
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- Which of the following statements does not support how prokaryotes have a large amount of genetic variation A. The mutation rate in prokaryotes is not particularly high B. Prokaryotes have extremely short generation times and large populations C. They can exchange DNA with many types of prokaryotes by way of horizontal gene transfer D. They have a relatively small genomearrow_forwarddescribe the modern theory of evoluton and discuss how it is supported by evidence from two of the following three areas a.population genetics b.molecular biology c.comparative anatomy and embryology evolution is one of the major unifying concepts of modern biology.explain the mechanism that lead to evolutionary change.describe how scientists use each of the following as evidence fornevolution a.bacterial resistance to antibiotics b.comparative biochemistry c.the fossil recordsarrow_forwardCan viruses adapt by natural selection? A. No, because there isn't a genetic basis for inheritance between parent and offspring virus particles. B. No, because there isn't a way to distinguish more fit from less fit virus particles C. Yes but only via human (domestic/artificial) selection D. No they evolve by mutations. E. Yes, virus particles that are most successful successful in reproducing quickly and infecting other host cells are the best adapted.arrow_forward
- Analyses of genomes have allowed researchers to determine that some cells have very small genomes. If you were asked to predict which organisms are likely to have smaller genomes than others, which option below would be MOST likely? A. Bacteria that live in plant hosts are likely to have smaller genomes than those that live in animal hosts as it takes a smaller variety of metabolic processes to survive in an animal host. B. Although less is known about Archaea than about Bacteria as fewer species have been studied, it is likely that Archaea have smaller genomes on average than Bacteria as they have fewer metabolic needs. C. Bacteria that are endosymbionts, living within a host, can survive with smaller genomes than free-living Bacteria because they can rely on their host for many of their needs. D. Protists generally have had smaller genomes than Bacteria because Bacteria have such large amounts of noncoding DNA.arrow_forwardThe transfer of an antibiotic resistance gene from one bacterialspecies to a different species is an example ofa. exon shuffling.b. horizontal gene transfer.c. genetic drift.d. migration.arrow_forwardThe Miller experiment created a. life. b. artificial proteins. c. DNA. d. simple molds. e. amino acids.arrow_forward
- When you receive a prescription for an antibiotic, your doctor or pharmacist will tell you that it is very important to take the medication for the full time period, even if you start to feel better before the end of the prescription. Explain why/how, if you stop taking the medication early, you could be contributing to the evolution of resistant forms of bacteria.arrow_forwardAre gene mutations caused by selective pressures in the environment? In other words, do gene mutations arise in an organism out of need or want? Group of answer choices A. No, because gene mutations are not purely random. B. Yes, because gene mutations are not purely random. C. No, because gene mutations are purely random. D. Yes, because gene mutations are purely random.arrow_forwardParticles that transfer genetic material from one species to another, especially in marine prokaryotes: a. horizontal gene transfer b. lateral gene transfer c. genome fusion device d. gene transfer agentsarrow_forward
- Based on what you know about the mechanisms through which the effective antibiotics work, describe ways in which a population of coli resistant to these drugs could evolve. How does this relate to the theory of evolution by natural selection?arrow_forwardScenario C: Your Uncle raises beef cattle and is considering adding low amounts of antibiotics to their feed because he heard it makes them grow larger. Explain to him: The concept of using antibiotics for "essential use only." The process of natural selection. How low levels of antibiotics select for resistant bacteria. How these antibiotic resistant bacteria can then be harmful to not only cows, but also humans.arrow_forwardRead the following article and answer these questions: 1. a. b. c. d. What is the main point of the article? A:evolution is an important and useful theory B:evolution is a theory that has not been proven C:we should improve crops to feed more people D:we should not tamper with nature 2. Why must farmers be careful about the pesticides they use? a. they could poison the land and harm other organisms b. they crops may die c. insects may become resistant d. so that they can produce better crops 3. Why is it difficult to create a vaccine for AIDS? a. the virus is too well hidden in the body b. the virus is constantly changing c. vaccines only work on bacterial infections d. not enough research money 4. Years ago, doctors would prescribe antibiotics for many symptoms of a common cold. Today, it is much more difficult to get a prescription. Why has the medical industry changed its procedures? a. too many antibiotics can create resistant bacteria b. pharmaceutical companies…arrow_forward
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Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License