Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 15P
If thymine makes up 21% of the DNA
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If an average length of the double helix DNA in a dwarf coconut is 197.538 cm and one full turn of a typical DNA has ten base pairs with a length of 3.4 nm:
How many base pairs would be present in such a chromosome? Show your solution.
If the average length of all the chromosomes of a dwarf coconut is 197.538 cm in length, how many base pairs would be present in a coconut embryo? Show your solution.
Insulin is a peptide hormone encoded by the INS gene, which is on chromosome 11. Insulin is produced by pancreatic beta cells.
A) Both the INS gene and insulin are examples of biological molecules that are polymers. What are the monomers and what is the polymer that make up the INS gene? What is the name of the monomers and polymer that make up insulin?
B). How many copies of the INS gene are found in pancreatic beta cells? How many copies are found in other cell types, for example, cardiac muscle cells?
C). Is mRNA for insulin produced in equal amounts in pancreatic beta cells and cardiac muscle cells? Why or why not?
D) Diabetes mellitus can be caused by a dominant mutation in the INS gene, INS*C96Y. A healthy mother has an affect child. Give the genotype of the child at the INS locus, indicating the paternally and maternally inherited alleles.
An analysis is performed to determine the proportions of each of the four nucleotide bases in the DNA of several tissue samples
from various species. The results appear in the table.
Human
Chicken
Yeast
E. coli
% Adenine % Guanine
(A)
(G)
31
20
28
21
32
18
26
25
% Thymine % Cytosine
(T)
30
29
33
24
Which conclusions can be drawn from this data?
(C)
19
22
17
25
The proportion of G is roughly equal to the proportion of C.
The proportion of A is roughly equal to the proportion of T.
The proportion of pyrimidines is roughly equal to the proportion of purines.
The proportion of A-T base pairs is roughly equal to the proportion of G-C base pairs.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 1 - 1. Genetics affects many aspects of our lives....Ch. 1 - 2. How do you think the determination that DNA is...Ch. 1 - 3. A commentator once described genetics as “the...Ch. 1 - All life shares DNA as the hereditary material....Ch. 1 - Define the terms allele, chromosome, and gene and...Ch. 1 - 6. Define the terms genotype and phenotype, and...Ch. 1 - 7. Define natural selection, and describe how...Ch. 1 - Describe the modern synthesis of evolution, and...Ch. 1 - What are the four processes of evolution? Briefly...Ch. 1 - Define each of the following terms: a....
Ch. 1 - 11. Compare and contrast the genome, the proteome,...Ch. 1 - With respect to transcription describe the...Ch. 1 - Plant agriculture and animal domestication...Ch. 1 - Briefly describe the contribution each of the...Ch. 1 - If thymine makes up 21% of the DNA nucleotides in...Ch. 1 - What reactive chemical groups are found at the 5...Ch. 1 - Identify two differences in chemical composition...Ch. 1 - What is the central dogma of molecular biology?...Ch. 1 - A portion of a polypeptide contains the amino...Ch. 1 - The following segment of DNA is the template...Ch. 1 - 23. Fill in the missing nucleotides (so there are...Ch. 1 - 24. Suppose a genotype for a protein-producing...Ch. 1 - Prob. 25PCh. 1 - 26. Four nucleic acid samples are analyzed to...Ch. 1 - 27. What is meant by the term homology? How is...Ch. 1 - 28. If one is constructing a phylogeny of reptiles...Ch. 1 - 29. Consider the following segment of...Ch. 1 - 30. Ethical and social issues have become a large...Ch. 1 - 31. In certain cases, genetic testing can identify...Ch. 1 - 32. What information presented in this chapter and...Ch. 1 - 33. It is common to study the biology and genetics...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A DNA sequence can be represented as a string of the letters ACTG (short for adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine). (a) How many DNA sequences are exactly 24 letters long? (b) Given a DNA sequence of length 24, how many single letter mutations are possible? (c) Given a DNA sequence of length 24, how many double letter mutations are possible?arrow_forwardA diploid organism with a 45,000-kb haploid genome contains 21% G residues. Calculate the number of A, C, G, and T residues in the DNA of each cell in this organism.arrow_forwardThe numbers of chromosomes in the somatic cells of several oat varieties are sand oats: 14; slender wild oats: 28; and cultivated oats: 42. a) What is the basic chromosome number (x) in the oats? b) What is the ploidy for the slender wild oats? c) What is then number of chromosomes in the cultivated oats?arrow_forward
- How many comparisons are needed to count the number of duplicates in a list? How many comparisons are needed to find the maximum value in a list of numbers? How many unique length 3 codons coding amino acids can be made from the unique 4 nucleotides found in genes?arrow_forwardGiven the fact that 1 fg of DNA = 9.78 * 105base pairs (on average), you can convert the amount of DNA per cell to the lengthof DNA in numbers of base pairs. (a) Calculate the number of basepairs of DNA in the haploid yeast genome. Express your answer inmillions of base pairs (Mb), a standard unit for expressing genomesize. Show your work. (b) How many base pairs per minute weresynthesized during the S phase of these yeast cells?arrow_forwardThe image below shows the base cytosine and a methylated form of cytosine that occurs frequently in the human genome. Use your knowledge of DNA structure to answer the following questions: a) Does methylation of cytosine affect its ability to base-pair with guanine? Explain your answer. b) Would methylation of cytosine affect the binding of a protein that interacts with a C-G base-pair in the major groove?arrow_forward
- The axial ratio is a term used to describe a rod-shaped molecule using the ratio of its length to its diameter. Given that the standard conformation of DNA in a physiological solution has a diameter of 2.37 nm, what is the axial ratio of the longest chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster DNA, which is 21000 µm long? Please record your answer in scientific notation. axial ratio: x10arrow_forwardYou are studying a large eukaryotic gene that is 439,515 base pairs long. You find the polypeptide that this gene produces in liver cells is 46,771 amino acids long. Your colleague studies the function of this gene in brain cells, and finds the polypeptide produced in the brain is much larger – 61,438 amino acids long. How do you explain this difference? Possible Answers: A. The cell cycle of liver cells is much longer than that of brain cells. B. This is due to alternative splicing. in the brain C. There was a different complement of sequence-specific transcription factor binding sites in the CRM of the brain cells. D. There is no 5' cap added to the gene product from the liver cells.arrow_forwardHow many kilobases of the DNA strand below will code for the protein product?arrow_forward
- Part A: If the two genes are 30 mu apart and the plant is (AB/ab), what proportion of gametes from a single plant will be AB? Enter your answer as a decimal to three places (for example: 0.120). Part B: If the two genes are 30 mu apart and the plant is (AB/ab), what proportion of gametes from a single plant will be Ab? Part C: If the two genes are 30 mu apart and the plant is (AB/ab), what proportion of gametes from a single plant will be aB? Part D: If the two genes are 30 mu apart and the plant is (AB/ab), what proportion of gametes from a signal plant will be ab?arrow_forwardA large ear of corn has a total of 4333 grains including 271 purple smooth,73 purple and shrunken, 63 yellow and smooth, and 26 yellow shrunken a) What is the Chi-square value? b) Make a hypothesis.arrow_forwardWhy is the DNA yield higher from 1g of strawberry compared to 1g of Arabidopsis leaves when both are homogenised by hand?arrow_forward
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