Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Lewis structures have to be drawn for the
Concept introduction:
Lewis structure: The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell. Sometimes the
Carbonyl group:
A carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom
(b)
Interpretation:
Lewis structures have to be drawn for the functional group and valence electrons have to be shown.
Concept introduction:
Lewis structure: The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell. Sometimes the chemical bonding of a molecule cannot be represented using a single Lewis structure. In these cases, the chemical bonding are described by delocalization of electrons and is known as resonance. All the possible resonance structures are imaginary whereas the resonance hybrid is real. These structures will differ only in the arrangement of the electrons not in the relative position of the atomic nuclei.
A carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom
If the carbonyl carbon is attached with hydroxyl group is called as carboxylic acid.
(c)
Interpretation:
Lewis structures have to be drawn for the functional group and valence electrons have to be shown.
Concept introduction:
Lewis structure: The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell. Sometimes the chemical bonding of a molecule cannot be represented using a single Lewis structure. In these cases, the chemical bonding are described by delocalization of electrons and is known as resonance. All the possible resonance structures are imaginary whereas the resonance hybrid is real. These structures will differ only in the arrangement of the electrons not in the relative position of the atomic nuclei.
Hydroxyl group:
Alcohol:
The compound contains hydroxyl
Example is given below
(d)
Interpretation:
Lewis structures have to be drawn for the functional group and valence electrons have to be shown.
Concept introduction:
Lewis structure: The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell. Sometimes the chemical bonding of a molecule cannot be represented using a single Lewis structure. In these cases, the chemical bonding are described by delocalization of electrons and is known as resonance. All the possible resonance structures are imaginary whereas the resonance hybrid is real. These structures will differ only in the arrangement of the electrons not in the relative position of the atomic nuclei.
Ester group:
A carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom
(e)
Interpretation:
Lewis structures have to be drawn for the functional group and valence electrons have to be shown.
Concept introduction:
Lewis structure: The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell. Sometimes the chemical bonding of a molecule cannot be represented using a single Lewis structure. In these cases, the chemical bonding are described by delocalization of electrons and is known as resonance. All the possible resonance structures are imaginary whereas the resonance hybrid is real. These structures will differ only in the arrangement of the electrons not in the relative position of the atomic nuclei.
Amide:
A carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom
If the carbonyl carbon is attached with nitrogen is called as amide.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
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