GENETIC ANALYSIS: INTEGRATED - ACCESS
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135349298
Author: Sanders
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 13P
Plant agriculture and animal domestication developed independently several times and in different locations in human history. Do a brief Internet search and then list the approximate locations, time periods, and crops developed in three of these agricultural events. What role do you think ideas about heredity may have played in these events?
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A. Dr. Doebley and his team compared the DNA sequence of maize to that of a number of teosinte varieties from throughout Mexico. What did their analysis reveal?
B. Teosinte looks like a terrible plant to begin to domesticate for agricultural purposes. What hypothesis is put forth to explain farmers’ early interest in the plant?
150 patients with Crohn’s disease are given an experimental treatment in which they all drink “cocktails” containing thousands of pinworm eggs. Within one week, 72% of the patients report a reduction in their abdominal pain.
Fill in the following table.
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Is there any accounting for individual variation?
Is there repetition in the experiment?
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Genes control thousands of different traits in plants. These genes can be selected for during natural selection (which drives evolution) and artificial selection (which drives domestication of dogs, crops, etc). During the domestication of modern tomato, describe the traits that were and were not selected.
In your own words, describe in 2-3 sentences why domesticated tomatoes bought at a grocery store are lackluster compared to heirlooms or wild tomatoes.
What are a few genetic and non-genetic traits that control tomato flavor and taste?
Chapter 1 Solutions
GENETIC ANALYSIS: INTEGRATED - ACCESS
Ch. 1 - 1. Genetics affects many aspects of our lives....Ch. 1 - 2. How do you think the determination that DNA is...Ch. 1 - 3. A commentator once described genetics as “the...Ch. 1 - All life shares DNA as the hereditary material....Ch. 1 - Define the terms allele, chromosome, and gene and...Ch. 1 - 6. Define the terms genotype and phenotype, and...Ch. 1 - 7. Define natural selection, and describe how...Ch. 1 - Describe the modern synthesis of evolution, and...Ch. 1 - What are the four processes of evolution? Briefly...Ch. 1 - Define each of the following terms: a....
Ch. 1 - 11. Compare and contrast the genome, the proteome,...Ch. 1 - With respect to transcription describe the...Ch. 1 - Plant agriculture and animal domestication...Ch. 1 - Briefly describe the contribution each of the...Ch. 1 - If thymine makes up 21% of the DNA nucleotides in...Ch. 1 - What reactive chemical groups are found at the 5...Ch. 1 - Identify two differences in chemical composition...Ch. 1 - What is the central dogma of molecular biology?...Ch. 1 - A portion of a polypeptide contains the amino...Ch. 1 - The following segment of DNA is the template...Ch. 1 - 23. Fill in the missing nucleotides (so there are...Ch. 1 - 24. Suppose a genotype for a protein-producing...Ch. 1 - Prob. 25PCh. 1 - 26. Four nucleic acid samples are analyzed to...Ch. 1 - 27. What is meant by the term homology? How is...Ch. 1 - 28. If one is constructing a phylogeny of reptiles...Ch. 1 - 29. Consider the following segment of...Ch. 1 - 30. Ethical and social issues have become a large...Ch. 1 - 31. In certain cases, genetic testing can identify...Ch. 1 - 32. What information presented in this chapter and...Ch. 1 - 33. It is common to study the biology and genetics...
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- You have been put in charge of developing a breed of domesticated dog that lives to be 40 years old on average. You will need to brainstorm for several minutes on how you could extend the life of dogs. You should refer to the example of the fruit flies from lecture.As part of this project, the breeders will need to put together an informational brochure to hand out to veterinarians and prospective owners of the dogs, which discusses: first, how dogs' age will be extended, then, some of the potential consequences of having a pet that lives for such a long time. The brochure will need to inform prospective owners that these dogs may live 40 or more years. It should point out that someone who is 30+ years old may have to plan on care for the pet if it were to outlive him or her. Also, there will be more lifetime costs associated with these dogs simply because they live so long. These dogs may be prone to diseases that are not seen in dogs with shorter life spans. Finally, there may be…arrow_forwardImproving the nutritional value of food has long been one of the goals in agricultural genetics. Crossing different strains of plants and animals followed by generations of artificial selection have yielded some successes, including the development of high-protein maize. The use of gene transfer biotechnology has led to other advances, including the creation of nutritionally enhanced rice to combat vitamin A deficiency and blindness. Researchers are now turning their attention to the nutritional enhancement of animals that are used as food. Scientists are now turning their attention to using gene transfer technology to nutritionally enhance animal foods. Recently, biotechnology was used to produce a sheep with increased amounts of an omega-3 essential fatty acid that plays an important role in the development of the nervous system and, in adults, reduces the risk of coronary artery disease. Once a small number of transgenic animals have been produced, they can be bred by conventional methods to establish a source of nutritionally enhanced meat and milk. The use of biotechnology is presenting consumers with many new choices, which will become more common in the future. Increasingly, we will all have to educate ourselves about the pros and cons of such decisions. On the other hand, how would you explain your preference for meat from animals without higher levels of beneficial fatty acids?arrow_forwardImproving the nutritional value of food has long been one of the goals in agricultural genetics. Crossing different strains of plants and animals followed by generations of artificial selection have yielded some successes, including the development of high-protein maize. The use of gene transfer biotechnology has led to other advances, including the creation of nutritionally enhanced rice to combat vitamin A deficiency and blindness. Researchers are now turning their attention to the nutritional enhancement of animals that are used as food. Scientists are now turning their attention to using gene transfer technology to nutritionally enhance animal foods. Recently, biotechnology was used to produce a sheep with increased amounts of an omega-3 essential fatty acid that plays an important role in the development of the nervous system and, in adults, reduces the risk of coronary artery disease. Once a small number of transgenic animals have been produced, they can be bred by conventional methods to establish a source of nutritionally enhanced meat and milk. The use of biotechnology is presenting consumers with many new choices, which will become more common in the future. Increasingly, we will all have to educate ourselves about the pros and cons of such decisions. How would you explain your decision to eat nutritionally enhanced meat from animals modified by biotechnology?arrow_forward
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