Even when shut down after a period of normal use, a large commercial nuclear reactor transfers thermal energy at the rate of 150 MW by the radioactive decay of fission products. This heat transfer causes a rapid increase in temperature if the cooling system fails (1 watt = 1 joule/second or 1 W = 1 J/s and 1 MW = 1 megawatt). (a) Calculate the rate of temperature increase in degrees Celsius per second (°C/s) if the mass of the is 1.60 × 10 5 kg and it has an average specific heat of 0.3349 kJ/kg . °C. (b) How long would it take to obtain a temperature increase of 2000 °C, which could cause some metals holding the radioactive materials to melt? (The initial rate of temperature increase would be greater than that calculated here because the heat transfer is concentrated in a smaller mass. Later, however, the temperature increase would slow down because the 500,000-kg steel containment vessel would also begin to heat up.)
Even when shut down after a period of normal use, a large commercial nuclear reactor transfers thermal energy at the rate of 150 MW by the radioactive decay of fission products. This heat transfer causes a rapid increase in temperature if the cooling system fails (1 watt = 1 joule/second or 1 W = 1 J/s and 1 MW = 1 megawatt). (a) Calculate the rate of temperature increase in degrees Celsius per second (°C/s) if the mass of the is 1.60 × 10 5 kg and it has an average specific heat of 0.3349 kJ/kg . °C. (b) How long would it take to obtain a temperature increase of 2000 °C, which could cause some metals holding the radioactive materials to melt? (The initial rate of temperature increase would be greater than that calculated here because the heat transfer is concentrated in a smaller mass. Later, however, the temperature increase would slow down because the 500,000-kg steel containment vessel would also begin to heat up.)
Even when shut down after a period of normal use, a large commercial nuclear reactor transfers thermal energy at the rate of 150 MW by the radioactive decay of fission products. This heat transfer causes a rapid increase in temperature if the cooling system fails (1 watt = 1 joule/second or 1 W = 1 J/s and 1 MW = 1 megawatt). (a) Calculate the rate of temperature increase in degrees Celsius per second (°C/s) if the mass of the is
1.60
×
10
5
kg and it has an average specific heat of 0.3349 kJ/kg . °C. (b) How long would it take to obtain a temperature increase of 2000 °C, which could cause some metals holding the radioactive materials to melt? (The initial rate of temperature increase would be greater than that calculated here because the heat transfer is concentrated in a smaller mass. Later, however, the temperature increase would slow down because the 500,000-kg steel containment vessel would also begin to heat up.)
One way to keep the contents of a garage from becoming too cold on a night when a severe subfreezing temperature is forecast is to put a tub of water in the garage. If the mass of the water is 122 kg and its initial temperature is 24.2°C, how much energy must the water transfer to its surroundings in order to freeze completely? The specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg·K, and the latent heat of fusion is 333 kJ/kg.
In the laboratory, calorimetry can be used to determine the latent heat of fusion of water, LfLf. If an ice cube of mass 30.0g30.0g at 0∘C0∘C is added to a calorimeter cup of mass mc=60.0gmc=60.0g that contains water of mass 170g170g at an initial temperature TiwTiw of 20∘C20∘C, after the ice melts, the final temperature of the water TfwTfw is found to be 5.57∘C5.57∘C. Based on this data, what is the latent heat of fusion of water? The specific heat capacities of water and the calorimeter are 4186J/(kg.K)4186J/(kg.K) and 900J/(kg.K)900J/(kg.K), respectively
While attempting to forge a sword in Skyrim, you obtain an iron ore sample of unknown mass to work with. The iron ore sample has a resting temperature of 4°C. In order to reach the forging temperature of the iron, 974°C, the system requires 225 calories, which is supplied by the forge. Given that the specific heat of the iron ore sample is 0.111 kcal/kg°C, what is the mass, m, of the iron ore sample in kg?
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Flow, Entropy, and Microstates; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrwW4w2nAMc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY