You have used the Chi-Square Goodness of Fit test quite extensively. How useful do you find it in terms of it's ability to determine different modes of inheritance from observed data? Please provide a few pros and/or cons,
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You have used the Chi-Square Goodness of Fit test quite extensively. How useful do you find it in terms of it's ability to determine different modes of inheritance from observed data? Please provide a few pros and/or cons, and please be specific.
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- Part of the difficulty of the genetics unit is knowing what type of problem you are being asked to solve and then solving it correctly. The following problems are a mix of normal Mendelian inheritance, incomplete dominance, co-dominance, sex-linked, and dihybrid crosses. Complete each of the problems below. Show your work! It’s difficult for me to know where you are making your mistakes (and help you to correct them) if I cannot see how you completed the problem. Grasshoppers are black with red stripes (R), yellow stripes (Y), or both red & yellow stripes (RY). A red-striped grasshopper is crossed with red & yellow-striped grasshopper. What type of inheritance pattern is this?__________________________________________ Genotypic ratio: _____________________________ Phenotypic ratio: ____________________________Part of the difficulty of the genetics unit is knowing what type of problem you are being asked to solve and then solving it correctly. The following problems are a mix of normal Mendelian inheritance, incomplete dominance, co-dominance, sex-linked, and dihybrid crosses. Complete each of the problems below. Show your work! It’s difficult for me to know where you are making your mistakes (and help you to correct them) if I cannot see how you completed the problem. A mother had type A blood. Her husband has type B blood. They have a child with Type O blood. Is this possible? Use the Punnett square to support your answer. Is type O possible? ______________ What other blood type(s) could their future children have? ____________________________________________Part of the difficulty of the genetics unit is knowing what type of problem you are being asked to solve and then solving it correctly. The following problems are a mix of normal Mendelian inheritance, incomplete dominance, co-dominance, sex-linked, and dihybrid crosses. Complete each of the problems below. Show your work! It’s difficult for me to know where you are making your mistakes (and help you to correct them) if I cannot see how you completed the problem. The genes for hemophilia, a condition that causes blood not to clot properly, are located on the X chromosome. It is a recessive disorder. A man normal for blood clotting has children with a woman who is a carrier of the condition but still clots normally. What percentage of the male offspring will have normal clotting? _______________ % What percentage of the male offspring will have hemophilia? _______________ %
- Part of the difficulty of the genetics unit is knowing what type of problem you are being asked to solve and then solving it correctly. The following problems are a mix of normal Mendelian inheritance, incomplete dominance, co-dominance, sex-linked, and dihybrid crosses. Complete each of the problems below. Show your work! It’s difficult for me to know where you are making your mistakes (and help you to correct them) if I cannot see how you completed the problem. In seals, long whiskers (W) are dominant over short whiskers (w). What are the genotypic and phenotypic ratios for the offspring produced by mating a seal that is homozygous recessive with one that is heterozygous? Genotypic Ratio:_______________________________ Phenotypic Ratio:_______________________________Part of the difficulty of the genetics unit is knowing what type of problem you are being asked to solve and then solving it correctly. The following problems are a mix of normal Mendelian inheritance, incomplete dominance, co-dominance, sex-linked, and dihybrid crosses. Complete each of the problems below. Show your work! It’s difficult for me to know where you are making your mistakes (and help you to correct them) if I cannot see how you completed the problem. When a skunk with wide (W) stripes reproduces with a skunk with narrow (w) stripes, their offspring all have medium stripes. A medium-striped skunk mates with another skunk with medium stripes. Determine the frequency of the phenotypes. Wide Stripes: _______________ / 4 Medium Stripes: ____________ / 4 Narrow Stripes: _____________ / 4Part of the difficulty of the genetics unit is knowing what type of problem you are being asked to solve and then solving it correctly. The following problems are a mix of normal Mendelian inheritance, incomplete dominance, co-dominance, sex-linked, and dihybrid crosses. Complete each of the problems below. Show your work! It’s difficult for me to know where you are making your mistakes (and help you to correct them) if I cannot see how you completed the problem. 1. In humans the allele for albinism is recessive to the allele for normal skin pigmentation. If a male who is heterozygous for albinism has children with a woman who is also heterozygous, what is the chance that a child will have normal skin pigment? What is the chance that a child will have albinism? Normal pigmentation? ________________ / 4Albinism? ______________ / 4
- Pedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. Would you decide to have a child if the test results said that you carry the mutation for breast and ovarian cancer? The heart disease mutation? The TSD mutation? The heart disease and the mutant alleles?Pedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. Would you want to know the results of the cancer, heart disease, and TSD tests if you were Sarah and Adam? Is it their responsibility as potential parents to gather this type of information before they decide to have a child?Pedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. If Sarah carries the mutant cancer allele and Adam carries the mutant heart disease allele, what is the chance that they would have a child who is free of both diseases? Are these good odds?
- In your own words, explain how genetic ancestry testing works. (Minimum of 2 complete sentences.)SEATWORK Symbols (for pea plant traits): • T: Tall t: short Analyze the following problems. Determine the possible genotypes, genotypic ratio, phenotypes, and phenotypic ratio from the genetic cross. Show your solution through a Punnett square. Use the symbols provided. • R: Round seeds r: wrinkled seeds • Y: Yellow seeds y: green seeds • P: Purple flower p: white flower 1) Cross a homozygous dominant tall and homozygous round seed pea plant with a heterozygous tall and heterozygous round seed pea plant. 2) Cross a pea plant that is heterozygous for purple flowers and homozygous dominant for yellow seeds with a pea plant that is heterozygous for purple flowers and homozygous recessive for green seeds. 3) Cross a pea plant that is short and has green seeds with a pea plant that is heterozygous tall and has heterozygous yellow seeds.Height is a polygenic trait. These students in a genetics class lined up, with shorter individuals on the left of the photo and taller individuals on the right, display a classic bell-shaped distribution. © McGraw-Hill Education/Photo by David Hyde and Wayne Falda