You are raising a stock of Drosophila flies in which you have clipped off the wings of each individual. Assume that this treatment does not disrupt their mating success (it would). If you clip off the wings in each subsequent generation, what would you expect to observe in the 50th generation? Why? This is an example of whose ideas in evolution?

You are raising a stock of Drosophila flies in which you have clipped off the wings of each individual. Assume that this treatment does not disrupt their mating success (it would). If you clip off the wings in each subsequent generation, what would you expect to observe in the 50th generation? Why? This is an example of whose ideas in evolution?

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter7: Development And Sex Determination

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9QP

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Propose a hypothesis that could explain the following observation. A graduate student performing studies on mutations in drosophila (fruit flies) discovered a strain of flies with a silent mutation in the gene controlling the shape of the wings. Further investigation has shown that this mutation is lethal in flies who are homozygote. Flies that are homozygote wild type or heterozygote can develop and are able to survive.
If you continue with biological studies in the future, you are most likely going to carry out fruit fly experiments. Drosophila melanogaster are used in genetics labs due to how inexpensive they are, how visible their traits are, and their high reproductive rate. In Drosophila, the gene for red and white eye colour is found on the X chromosome. The allele for red eyes (XR) is dominant to the allele for white eyes (Xr). You are asked to cross a pure breeding white-eyed female with a pure breeding red-eyed male. What are the genotypes of the individuals involved in this cross? XRXR XRXr XRX- XrXr XRY XrY Genotype of the parent male Answer Genotype of the parent female Answer Genotype of the male offspring Answer Genotype of the female offspring Answer
Another mutation has occurred in the Andean condor, which is further endangering the survival of the species: Frizzled feathers. This trait results from a mutation in the a-keratin gene, and this mutation causes the feathers to curl. If two frizzled condors happen to mate, rather than producing offspring with frizzled feathers, one observes that 25% of the condor chicks have normal (straight) feathers; 50% have frizzled (curly) feathers, and an unfortunate 25% have “over-frizzled” feathers, which are extremely brittle and resemble pipe cleaners. Birds having this “over-frizzle” trait have great difficulty flying. When a condor that is homozygous for the normal feather allele is mated with one of these “over-frizzled” birds, all of the chicks will have frizzled feathers. Please NAME and EXPLAIN the genetic phenomenon described here.
Nursing bees take care of the queen and newly hatched bees. However, nursing bees themselves do not reproduce. How could natural selection act upon such behavior? Because this behavior does not directly benefit the nursing bee itself, it is not favored by natural selection. Because this behavior increases the number of surviving offspring that share genes with the nursing bee, it is favored by natural selection. Because this behavior selectively decreases the number of offspring harboring non-similar genes with the nursing bee, it is favored by natural selection. Because this behavior does not increase the number of surviving offspring that are identical in genes with the nursing bee, it is not favored by natural selection.
In a study in which men and women were asked to sit at a computer and navigate through a virtual maze, the men were able to complete the task more quickly and with fewer errors over five trials than the women (Moffat et al. 1998). What possible proximate developmental mechanisms might be responsible for this sex difference in navigational ability? Use the evolutionary explanation for sex differences in spatial learning ability by voles to make a prediction about the nature of human mating systems over evolutionary time.
Gregor Mendel never saw a gene, yet he concluded that some inherited factors were responsible for the patterns of inheritance he observed in peas. Similarly maps of Drosophila chroma zones were conceived by observing the patterns of inheritance of linked genes, not by observing the genes directly. Is it legitimate for biologists to claim the existence of objects and processes they cannot actually see? How do scientists know whether an explanation is correct?
Some marine fishes exhibit a spectacular polyphenism, in that individuals can, under special circumstances, change their sex from female to male (in other species, the switch goes from male to female). This developmental change involves reproductive organs, hormones, and mating behavior (Warner 1984). In some species, the removal of a dominant, breeding male from a cluster of females triggers a sex change in the largest female present. Identify the apparent developmental restrictions imposed on this system, such as the requirement that a female be transformed into a male rather than some sort of intermediate sex. Speculate on the benefits associated with each restriction.
Why do queen honey bees (Apis mellifera) behave very differently from their workers even though a queen has essentially the same genome as her worker sisters and daughters? Develop at least one proximate hypothesis on why the two categories of bees behave so differently.
What specific observations (evidence) support the conclusions about sex determination in Drosophila and humans? Sort each observation to the appropriate bin. If an observation applies to both Drosophila and humans, sort it to the "Both" bin. If an observation does not apply to either Drosophila or humans, sort it to the "Neither" bin. Reset Help Three sets of autosomes per X chromosome are required for male fertility. Sex chromosomes are heteromorphic. Maleness is determined by lack of X chromosomes. Triploid individuals (3n) could be phenotypically normal females. XO individuals are male. More than one Y chromosome is needed for maleness. Diploid XXY individuals are abnormal males. Drosophila only Humans only Both Neither Submit Request Answer
Given what you know about hymenopterans (bees and ants) how genetically related are two half sisters produced by the same mother (queen) but fathered by two different males (drones) who are themselves brothers? ( 75% ) 50% 25% unknown
White (w) coat color in guinea pigs is recessive to black (W). In 1909, W. E. Castle and J. C. Phillips transplanted an ovary from a black guinea pig into a white female whose ovaries had been removed. They then mated this white female with a white male. All the offspring from the mating were black (W. E. Castle and J. C. Phillips. 1909. Science 30:312–313). a. Explain the results of this cross. b. Give the genotype of the offspring of this cross. c. What, if anything, does this experiment indicate about the validity of the pangenesis and the germ-plasm theories
we discuss various mechanisms of sex determination, including the XX/XY system of placental mammals, and the ZZ/ZW system of birds. Monotremes, the most primitive mammals, have a very intriguing sex determination scheme that shares elements of both of these systems. Please use the internet to learn more about how sex in monotremes is determined. Then write a short essay (300-400 words) describing this system and comparing/contrasting it to the XX/XY and ZZ/ZW systems.