Within a cell, the complete breakdown of glucose to generate ATP occurs by two fundamentally different mechanisms.  Name and briefly describe these mechanisms.

In each of two steps during the "Energy payoff stage" of glycolysis, ATP is generated when an enzyme uses one of the phosphate groups attached to one of the ends of a 3-carbon intermediate molecule to phosphorylate (add a phosphate group) ADP, forming ATP.  This mechanism of producing ATP from ADP and a phosphate group is known as:   Question 9 options:   substrate level phosphorylation   redox phosphorylation   lactic acid fermentation   oxidative phosphorylation

explain the role adenosine tri phosphate (ATP) and adenosine di phosphate (ADP),  play in producing anaerobic and aerobic energy within the body. Identify how much ATP is produced following anaerobic and aerobic metabolism.

Which of the following conditions will produce active glycogen phosphorylase? AMP АТР Phosphorylation of Serine 14 Glucose Glucose-6-Phosphate Phosphorylation of Serine 14 and AMP Phosphorylation of Serine 14 and ATP

After infection, some T cells (a particular type of immune cell) may persist as memory T cells (TMcells). When they re-encounter the same pathogen, T­M­ cells rapidly divide to produce more T cells to help fight off the infection. This rapid cell division requires substantial energy. One way that this energy is provided to TMcells is via increased activity of the ETC. One standard type of experiment for analyzing oxidative metabolism is measuring the oxygen consumption rate OCR in the presence of different compounds. The lines indicate the time at which the different ETC/OxPhos inhibitors were added. Note that the inhibitors are never removed. Complete the table below. Time Period 1 2 3 4 Inhibitor added None Oligomycin (inhibits ATP Synthase) FCCP (Uncoupler) Rotenone + Antimycin (Complexes I and III) Can electrons flow? If so, from which compound to which compound? If not, what is preventing it?         Can H+move through the membrane? If so,…

ATP is utilized in a variety of reactions in the cell. Research and describe two specific reactions that utilize ATP. One of them must be a process involving transport across membranes. The second must be a process involving metabolism, and utilizing an enzyme (name the enzyme). Explain how ATP is used and why it is needed in the two processes described.

For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from the list below. Not all words or phrases will be used; each word or phrase may be used more than once. ADP            FADH2             H+                    moderately      protons ATP            favorable          higher               NADH           severely cytosol         glucose             lower                NAD+            slightly electrons       GTP                 matrix               Pi                  unfavorable High-energy electrons are transferred through a series of molecules, and the energy released during these transfers is used to generate a gradient of         , or         . Because their concentration is              outside than inside the mitochondria, the flow of          , or            , down the concentration gradient is energetically very            and can thus be coupled to the production of ATP from ADP. Thus, oxidative phosphorylation refers to the…

When glucose is used as the starting material for glycolysis there is a net gain of +2 ATP per glucose. When glycogen is used as the starting material for glycolysis there is a net gain of +3 ATP per glucose. Please explain the difference in the net gain of ATP between glucose versus glycogen as the starting material. Enter your answer here

Sometimes, ATP is referred to as the “energy-storage molecule.” The cell does not actually store energy as a lot of extra ATP but as glycogen or triacylglycerides. Why do you suppose this is the case?

Identify the stage of catabolism where the following processes occur: a. Hydrolysis of triacylglycerol with lipaseb. Oxidation of fatty acid to acetyl CoAc. Conversion of ADP to ATP with ATP synthased. Reaction of oxygen with protons and electrons to form watere. Cleavage of a protein with chymotrypsin